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All Journal JUSTISI Journal of Economics and Business UBS
Manukallo Danga, Cosmas
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Perkembangan Doktrin Sistem dan Keamanan Negara Indonesia Manukallo Danga, Cosmas
JUSTISI Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023): JUSTISI
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/jurnaljustisi.v9i2.2329

Abstract

Defense is one of the most important elements in a country because good defense will create a sovereign country. Not only that, the security system is also a benchmark for the sovereignty of a country. Therefore, a country must have a good defense system in order to create a sovereign country. In Indonesia, this has been regulated in article 30 of the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 3 of 2002 concerning national defense. Indonesia has undergone several changes related to the doctrine of state defense and security. The method used in this research is library research. The results of the study concluded that Indonesia has undergone several changes in the Doctrine regarding the state defense and security system where at this time Indonesia has adopted a universal defense system which in previous periods Indonesia adhered to a universal people's defense and security system. However, since the enactment of Law Number 3 of 2002 concerning national defense, the doctrine used to date is a universal defense system.
Strategi Pertahanan Ekonomi Indonesia: Sengketa Perdagangan Internasional Nikel Dwiyono, Ari; Andreas Navalino, R Djoko; Yudho Prakoso, Lukman; Manukallo Danga, Cosmas; Widyastuti Wulaningsih, Ririn
Journal of Economics and Business UBS Vol. 12 No. 3 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Cv. Syntax Corporation Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52644/joeb.v12i3.256

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kekayaan sumber daya alam yang melimpah, tak terkecuali produk pertambangan seperti nikel sehingga Indonesia menjadi salah satu penghasil nikel terbesar di dunia. Dalam rangka usaha peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi, Indonesia membuat kebijakan untuk melarang ekspor bijih nikel konsentrasi rendah yang mana membuat negara-negara Uni Eropa merasa dirugikan kebutuhan akan bahan baku sehingga melayangkan gugatan terhadap Indonesia di World Trade Organization. Tulisan ini membahas tentang strategi pertahanan Indonesia di bidang ekonomi tentang respon mengenai sengketa perdagangan internasional komoditas nikel di WTO. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka yang mana penulis mengumpulkan informasi-informasi mengenai topik bahasan melalui jurnal, buku, berita, atau bentuk tulisan lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu strategi yang harus dilakukan Indonesia dan diharapkan dapat mencapai tujuan tersebut yaitu mencari investor, menetapkan regulasi, banding atas gugatan, menjaga stabilitas politik, serta melakukan pengelolaan yang optimal.
Co-Authors Andreas Navalino, R Djoko Dwiyono, Ari Prakoso, Lukman Yudho Ririn Widyastuti Wulaningsih