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Child Filiation and Its Implications on Maintenance and Inheritance Rights: A Comparative Study of Regulations and Judicial Practices in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Turkey Azwar, Zainal; Armi, Mhd. Ilham; Zulfan, Zulfan; Jelani, Ahmad Bakhtiar bin; Nasri, Ahmad Luthfy
Journal of Islamic Law Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v5i1.2326

Abstract

This article analyses the national laws governing child filiation and their implications on the maintenance and inheritance rights of children in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Turkey. This is prompted by the fact that the determination of child filiation in these three countries not only adopts singular fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) provisions, as some Middle Eastern Muslim countries do but also takes into account cultural values and human rights. Therefore, this article employs a normative-juridical approach by conducting a comparative analysis of the laws in these three countries. The research reveals that the laws in these three countries differentiate child filiation based on the marital status of the parents: maternity, biological paternity, and nasab (lineage) paternity. These three typologies of child filiation have implications for their maintenance and inheritance rights. The laws in these three countries stipulate that children born from valid marriages have both maintenance and inheritance rights from both parents, while children born from unregistered or non-marital unions only acquire these rights from their mothers. Although the laws in these three countries grant maintenance and inheritance rights to children born out of wedlock from the maternal lineage, some judicial decisions in Indonesia and Turkey grant these rights from both parents. The differences in judicial practices among these three countries are attributed to variations in legal systems and the Islamic legal schools adopted. Among the three studied nations, this article finds that the legal frameworks and judicial practices in Indonesia and Turkey are more accommodating to children’s rights compared to those in Malaysia. [Artikel ini menganalisis hukum negara yang mengatur ketentuan filiasi anak dan implikasinya terhadap hak pemeliharaan dan waris anak di Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Turki. Hal ini dipicu oleh fakta bahwa penetapan filiasi anak di ketiga negara tersebut tidak hanya mengadopsi ketentuan fikih secara tunggal, seperti beberapa negara Muslim di Timur Tengah, tetapi juga memperhitungkan nilai-nilai budaya dan hak asasi manusia. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif-yuridis dengan melakukan analisis perbandingan terhadap hukum di ketiga negara tersebut. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum di ketiga negara tersebut membedakan filiasi anak berdasarkan status perkawinan orang tua: maternitas, paternitas biologis, dan paternitas nasab. Ketiga tipologi filiasi anak ini memiliki implikasi terhadap hak pemeliharaan dan waris anak. Hukum di ketiga negara menetapkan bahwa anak yang lahir dari perkawinan yang sah memiliki hak pemeliharaan dan waris dari kedua orang tua, sedangkan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan yang tidak tercatat atau tanpa ikatan perkawinan hanya memperoleh hak tersebut dari ibunya. Meskipun hukum di ketiga negara memberikan hak pemeliharaan dan waris anak tanpa ikatan perkawinan dari jalur ibu, beberapa keputusan yudisial di Indonesia dan Turki memberikan hak-hak tersebut dari kedua orang tua. Perbedaan dalam praktik peradilan di ketiga negara ini disebabkan oleh perbedaan sistem hukum dan mazhab fikih yang dianut. Dari ketiga negara yang diteliti, artikel ini menemukan bahwa hukum dan praktik peradilan di Indonesia dan Turki lebih akomodatif terhadap hak anak dibandingkan dengan di Malaysia.]
The Polygamy of Sheikh Sulaiman Arrasuli: Negotiating Religious Authority and Identity in the Matrilineal Muslim Society of Minangkabau Armi, Mhd. Ilham; Zulkifli, Zulkifli; Nasri, Ahmad Luthfy
KURIOSITAS: Media Komunikasi Sosial Keagamaan Vol 18 No 1 (2025): Komunikasi Sosial dan Keagamaan
Publisher : LPPM IAIN Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/kur.v18i1.13102

Abstract

Polygamy in Muslim civilisations has frequently been examined via legal and normative lenses, neglecting its socio-cultural and performative aspects, especially in non-patriarchal social structures. The objective is to examine how polygamy operates not just as a marriage structure but also as a performative mechanism for the construction, negotiation, and legitimisation of religious authority and Muslim identity within a diverse socio-cultural framework. This study utilises a qualitative interpretive methodology based on historical and documentary examination of Sheikh Sulaiman Arrasuli’s life, writings, and socio-religious endeavours. The research employs an interdisciplinary theoretical framework, incorporating Goffman’s dramaturgy for the analysis of public performance and role management, Charles Taylor’s notion of authenticity for identity formation, and Mahmood’s theory of embodied piety for the construction of religious subjectivity. Data are extracted from historical documents, biographical narratives, and previous academic research, and are examined via a socio-cultural framework to reveal patterns of authority negotiation. The findings indicate that polygamy in this setting operated as a culturally ingrained and socially purposeful practice that facilitated the consolidation of religious power within a matrilineal structure. The study indicates that women were not only passive subjects but rather active players in negotiating the meanings and implications of polygamous setups. This work theoretically enhances the comprehension of religious authority as a performative and negotiated construct, rather than as a static result of doctrinal knowledge. It contests prevailing notions that characterise polygamy exclusively as a patriarchal or legal matter. The findings provide insights examination of the connection between polygamy, religious authority, and matrilineal social systems, providing a sophisticated perspective that connects South-east Asian Islamic studies with international discussions on religion, culture, and power
Buya, Spiritual Charisma and Political Contention in West Sumatra Abrar, Abrar; Alfadli, Alfadli; Huda, Yasrul; Taufik, Muhammad; Trinanda, Desip; Nasri, Ahmad Luthfy
Islam Realitas: Journal of Islamic and Social Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/islam_realitas.v8i2.5569

Abstract

The article unravels the roles of buyas (charismatic scholar of the community) in coping with confidence issues amongst politicians who competed in the Limapuluh Kota Regency’ 2015 Regional Election in West Sumatra. The study aims to answer the following questions: first, what are the politicians’ motives to seek audience from the buya? Second, what are rituals and statements that the buya provide? As part of a qualitative research conducted within the Regency, the data were collected through in-depth interviews to four buyas and four candidates. The interview results were then analyzed through qualitative approaches. The result of the study indicates that politicians and their canvassers performed ‘political safari’ by visiting buyas upon becoming candidate hopefuls or being pronounced candidates by the Election Committee. It is worth noting that although buyas never rejected any politician or canvasser who wished to meet them, they were never involved in direct campaigns with the candidates or canvassers. In essence, buyas provide politicians a sense of legitimacy at a time when they are losing confidence in themselves. Eventually, as in all political competitions, there will always be victors and losers.