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All Journal Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Ghanynafi, Abdullah
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Immunology & microbiology Public Health

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NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND NEW TUBERCULOSIS SUSPECTED INCIDENCE AMONG JUNIOR STUDENTS AT KEPUTIH PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER: Status Gizi dan Kejadian Dugaan Tuberculosis Baru pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama Puskesmas Keputih Surabaya Thoriq Izza Nugrahedi, Fadel; Ghanynafi, Abdullah; Arge Wada, A A Arjun; Shofiya Novita Sari, Siti; Astutik, Erni
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V12I32024.248-254

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The countries with the third highest TB cases worldwide are India, China, and Indonesia. A decrease in stamina will occur in a person suffering from tuberculosis. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between nutritional status and suspected new TB cases in junior high school students in the working area of Puskesmas Keputih Surabaya. Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional study design in the working area of Puskesmas Keputih in 2023. Secondary data was obtained from Keputih Health Centre in 2023. The research sample used a total sampling population. The association between nutritional status and suspected new TB cases in junior high school students was tested using the chi-square method. Results: A chi-square test was conducted on high school students and found no significant association between nutritional status (underweight and average weight) and TB screening or suspected new TB cases (PR = 0.68, p-value = 0.16). In addition, it was also found that there was no significant association between nutritional status (overweight and average weight) and TB screening or suspected new TB cases (PR = 1.01, p-value = 1.00). Conclusion: There was no significant association between nutritional status and the incidence of new suspected tuberculosis in junior high school students. This indicates that other risk factors also play an essential role in influencing a person's immune system.
RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE AND LATENT TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN ≤ 14: ACTIVE CASE FINDING: Faktor Risiko dan Karakteristik Tuberkulosis Aktif dan Laten Pada Anak ≤ 14 Tahun: Penemuan Kasus Aktif Syahrul, Fariani; Catur Adi, Annis; Fajar Nuraidah, Lutfi; Mufida Ersanti, Arina; Tri Sulistijorini, Hinu; Lipu, Yanto; Salisa, Wizara; Shafira Putri, Maurilla; Al Himny Rusydy, Muhammad; Ghanynafi, Abdullah
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V13I32025.299-307

Abstract

Background: In 2024, 135,000 tuberculosis (TB) cases were reported in Indonesian children, accounting for part of the 885,000 total TB cases nationwide. Pediatric TB remains a concern due to children’s vulnerability from immature immunity, poor nutrition, and close contact with TB patients. Early detection through active case finding (ACF) is crucial for identifying active and latent TB in at-risk populations. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of active and latent TB and analyze associated risk factors among children screened through ACF. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 870 children in Sidoarjo Regency using ACF. Active TB was diagnosed through symptom interviews and sputum examination, while latent TB was determined by tuberculin skin test (TST). Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI). Bivariate analysis was performed to assess associations with active TB. Results: The prevalence of active TB was 4%, and that of latent TB was 4.7%. Among TB cases, 46% were active and 54% latent. Malnutrition was common in active (77%) and latent (46%) TB. Bivariate analysis showed no significant associations with gender, close contact, or passive smoking. Children aged <5 years had a higher risk than those aged 5–14 years (OR = 3.11; 95% CI: 0.99–9.79; p = 0.064). Nutritional status was significantly associated with active TB (χ² = 7.85; p = 0.049). Underweight children had nearly four times higher risk of active TB compared to those with normal nutrition (OR = 3.94; 95% CI: 1.32–11.76; p = 0.018). Conclusion: ACF was effective in detecting active and latent TB among children. Malnutrition was a significant risk factor, suggesting that nutritional interventions should be integrated into pediatric TB control strategies. Patients had close contact with active TB patients.
VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATION COVERAGE AND PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION STATUS AMONG TODDLERS IN SIDOARJO, INDONESIA: Cakupan Pemberian Vitamin A dan Kejadian Status Gizi Buruk pada Balita di Sidoarjo, Indonesia Ghanynafi, Abdullah; Novita Sari, Siti Shofiya; Astutik, Erni; Farihatin Hasanah, Ganjar Nailil
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V12I22024.214-221

Abstract

Background: A toddler's nutrition status is an essential indicator of public welfare, and the occurrence of malnutrition leads to severe problems that impact child growth development. Purpose: This research aims to understand the coverage correlation of giving vitamin A with the occurrence of malnutrition among toddlers in Sidoarjo regency. Methods: The researchers used ecological study methods followed by the usage of secondary data retrieved from Sidoarjo's Regency Health Profile in 2020-2022 with a sub-district analysis unit. Vitamin A coverage and the nutrition status amount by sub-district were visualized on the map using QGIS. Pearson's correlation test was used to find out the correlation between coverage of giving vitamin A and nutrition status. Results: The findings show that there are none of the significant correlations found between giving vitamin A and the occurrence of malnutrition in toddlers, which tends to increase annually. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between the coverage of vitamin A and the occurrence of malnutrition among toddlers, which indicates there are a few factors and risks that play an essential role in participating in the impact of malnutrition status among toddlers in Sidoarjo regency. 
Co-Authors Al Himny Rusydy, Muhammad Annis Catur Adi Arge Wada, A A Arjun Astutik, Erni Fajar Nuraidah, Lutfi Fariani Syahrul Farihatin Hasanah, Ganjar Nailil Lipu, Yanto Mufida Ersanti, Arina Novita Sari, Siti Shofiya Salisa, Wizara Shafira Putri, Maurilla Shofiya Novita Sari, Siti Thoriq Izza Nugrahedi, Fadel Tri Sulistijorini, Hinu