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Critical Reflection on the Empty Box Phenomenon and Political Party Cadre Crisis Sudiarsana, I Kadek; Fithrian Luthfan, Gusti Fadhil; Tombi, Johan Tri Noval Hendrian
JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Vol 7, No 2 (2025): JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Administrasi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58258/jihad.v7i2.8656

Indonesia's democratic life in the 2024 elections is characterized by complex dynamics, such as demonstrations against the alleged constitutional disobedience by the Baleg DPR and the empty box phenomenon in 37 regions. This indicates the degradation of the quality of democracy, where political parties that should be a forum for political education are instead shackled by the hegemony of fat coalitions, ignoring the function of regeneration. This normative juridical research uses statutory and conceptual approaches, with qualitative data analysis, concluding that parties fail to optimize their strategic role in democracy. The empty box phenomenon reflects the pragmatism of political parties that are trapped in the comfort zone of coalitions, even losing the basic philosophy of their establishment. The implications include election budget inefficiency, inhibition of regional strategic programs due to risk-averse acting regional heads, and threats to the quality of development. To restore democracy, the author proposes: (1) limiting political party coalitions, (2) reformulating the requirements for independent pathways in regional elections, and (3) preventing power domination in order to create a competitive democratic ecosystem with integrity.

SINKRONISASI REGULASI PEMBAYARAN TUNAI DAN NON-TUNAI: ANTARA INOVASI DIGITAL DAN KEPATUHAN PADA UU MATA UANG Tombi, Johan Tri Noval Hendrian; I Kadek Sudiarsana; Gegana, Reza Pramasta; Luthfan, Gusti Fadhil Fithrian; Fajrin, Fera Wulandari; Raden, Andi Nur Fikriana Aulia
JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): JUSTITIABLE -Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Bojonegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56071/justitiable.v8i2.1720

This study aims to analyze the regulatory synchronization between innovations in digital payment systems and the obligation to use physical currency (cash) as a lawful means of payment. The principal issue examined is the growing prevalence of exclusive cashless policies adopted by business actors, which, in legal terms, result in the refusal to accept cash rupiah. The research employs a normative juridical method, using a statutory approach and a comparative approach. The findings indicate that the unilateral refusal to accept cash constitutes a violation of mandatory legal norms, rendering such agreements null and void by operation of law. From a sociological perspective, these policies create barriers to economic access for unbanked populations as well as for elderly groups. The study concludes that a policy reorientation is necessary to ensure the implementation of the mandate of Article 23 of the Currency Law. Accordingly, this research recommends the application of graduated administrative sanctions, ranging from financial penalties to the suspension of QRIS services, in order to ensure inclusivity and legal certainty within the national payment system.

Constitutional Complaints and the Constitutionality of Pro Justitia Measures: A Comparative Analysis of Indonesia, Germany, and South Korea Ivan Zairani Lisi; Nur Aripkah; I Kadek Sudiarsana; Nadia Nabela; Faiqah Nur Azizah
As-Siyasi: Journal of Constitutional Law Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): As-Siyasi: Journal of Constitutional Law
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/as-siyasi.v52.28316

In practice, pretrial hearings in Indonesia often fail to be an effective instrument for protecting the rights of suspects and victims in the Pro Justitia process. Many cases show that the imbalance between law enforcement officials' authority and individual rights remains an unresolved. This situation differs from that in Germany and South Korea, where constitutional complaints have become an important instrument in the constitutional system for controlling and correcting state actions that violate citizens' constitutional rights, including within the criminal justice system. This study examines the extent to which the absence of a constitutional complaint mechanism in the Indonesian criminal justice system affects the protection of citizens' constitutional rights. Using a normative legal research method, with a statute, conceptual, and comparative approach, this study found that Indonesia has yet to implement a constitutional complaint mechanism as a corrective measure against state actions that violate citizens' constitutional rights. Preliminary hearings still have limitations in accommodating constitutional rights in criminal proceedings. The absence of this mechanism creates a void in the constitutional protection system in the judicial process in Indonesia as a whole. The implementation of constitutional complaints should be considered to strengthen the protection of constitutional rights and ensure the implementation of the Pro Justitia process in line with the principles of the rule of law

Konsep Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi BUMN Dalam KUHP Nasional dan Undang-Undang BUMN Ulil Amri; Sudiarsana, I Kadek; Sanata, Kalen; Gegana, Reza Pramasta
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 04 (2025): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i04.1755

Pemisahan kekayaan negara dan BUMN telah membuka peluang untuk memidana BUMN sebagai entitas korporasi sebagaimana dalam KUHP Nasional dan UU BUMN Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pidana BUMN dalam KUHP Nasional dan menganalisis bentuk harmonisasi konsep pertanggungjawaban pidana BUMN dalam KUHP Nasional dan UU No. 1 Tahun 2025. Tipe penelitian menggunakan tipe penelitian normatif menggunakan pendekatan konsep dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Bahan hukum bersumber dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder yang dianalisis menggunakan analisis preskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) BUMN dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana berdasarkan Pasal 45 KUHP Nasional yang mengategorikan BUMN sebagai entitas yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Hal ini juga selaras dengan teori pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi diantaranya teori vicarious liability, teori directing mind, teori identifikasi dan teori pelaku fungsional, dan 2) UU No. 1 Tahun 2025 memisahkan BUMN dari negara (kekayaan negara) yang bertujuan untuk membuat demarkasi yang jelas antara tanggung jawab publik dan tanggung jawab korporasi. Pemisahan ini berarti kekayaan negara yang digunakan untuk penyertaan modal pada BUMN tidak lagi menjadi bagian dari APBN dan dikelola berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip perusahaan yang sehat, bukan lagi berdasarkan sistem APBN. Pemisahan entitas tersebut mempertegas posisi BUMN sebagai entitas yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban secara pidana.

Implikasi Yuridis Pedoman Pemidanaan KUHP Nasional terhadap Eksistensi Ketentuan Pidana Minimal Khusus Aripkah, Nur; M. Ramzi Maulana; I Kadek Sudiarsana
Jurnal Fundamental Justice Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Bumigora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30812/fundamental.v7i1.6187

Pembaruan hukum pidana KUHP Nasional menandai pergeseran paradigma pemidanaan dari pendekatan retributif menuju sistem yang lebih humanis, proporsional, dan berorientasi tujuan. Salah satu pembaruan fundamental terletak pada perumusan pedoman pemidanaan dalam Pasal 53 sampai dengan Pasal 54 KUHP Nasional, yang kemudian diperkuat melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2026 tentang Penyesuaian Pidana, khususnya terkait penghapusan ketentuan pidana minimum khusus dalam berbagai undang-undang sektoral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi yuridis pedoman pemidanaan KUHP Nasional terhadap eksistensi dan keberlakuan ketentuan pidana minimum khusus dalam sistem pemidanaan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan, melalui penelaahan terhadap ketentuan KUHP Nasional, Undang-Undang Penyesuaian Pidana, serta doktrin dan praktik pemidanaan modern. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pedoman pemidanaan KUHP Nasional menggeser orientasi pemidanaan dari sistem yang kaku dan berbasis angka menuju pemidanaan yang menekankan proporsionalitas, individualisasi pidana, dan keadilan substantif. Penghapusan pidana minimum khusus memberikan ruang diskresi yang lebih luas bagi hakim, namun tetap dibingkai oleh pedoman normatif untuk mencegah disparitas dan kesewenang-wenangan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pedoman pemidanaan merupakan instrumen kunci dalam sistem pemidanaan modern dan perlu dioptimalkan melalui penguatan kapasitas hakim serta harmonisasi lanjutan terhadap undang-undang sektoral agar selaras dengan tujuan pemidanaan yang korektif, rehabilitatif, dan restorative.

Sustainable Marketing Strategies to Empower Stingless Bee Honey Agripreneurs for Competitive and Inclusive Agribusiness Growth I Putu Gede Didik Widiarta; Riki Andika; I Kadek Sudiarsana; Dinar Anindyasari; Lestari Gita Nur’aini
Indonesian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (IJSAES) Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (IJSAE
Publisher : CV. Truly Science Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65896/ijsaes.v1i3.19

Background: Stingless bee honey presents a high-value niche within sustainable agrifood systems, yet small-scale agripreneurs face structural constraints in marketing, certification, and digital engagement that impede inclusive competitiveness. Aim: This study formulates sustainable marketing strategies to empower stingless bee honey agripreneurs in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, thereby enhancing market access, firm-level resilience, and socio-ecological sustainability. Methods: Employing a convergent mixed-methods design, primary data were collected between July and September 2025 through 27 semi-structured interviews, three focus group discussions (FGDs), direct observation, and structured questionnaires involving 65 agripreneurs, eight cooperative leaders, and six local government or institutional stakeholders. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling strategy to ensure representation across enterprise scales and cooperative membership. Internal and external determinants were assessed using IFE and EFE matrices; results were integrated via IE and SWOT frameworks to derive strategy clusters. Results: The IFE (score = 2.86) and EFE (score = 2.93) positions indicate a “Growth and Build” strategic posture. Four strategy clusters emerged: SO (eco-branding, certification, tourism linkages, e-commerce expansion), WO (digital literacy, quality assurance, managerial capacity building, inclusive finance), ST (value-chain diversification, R&D partnerships, sustainability differentiation, cooperative logistics), and WT (community microfinance, joint marketing, insurance/risk-sharing, partnership models). Triangulation of qualitative and quantitative findings strengthens the validity of these strategic priorities. Conclusion: Integrating sustainability principles with digital marketing and cooperative governance offers a viable pathway for transforming stingless bee honey firms into resilient, inclusive agribusinesses. Policy and institutional support that bolsters access to certification, digital capacity, and cooperative finance are pivotal in translating ecological strengths into competitive market outcomes.

Tinjauan Kode Etik dan Pedoman Perilaku Hakim terhadap Putusan Nomor 454/Pid.B/2024/Pn Sby Imron Imron; Siti Kotijah; Nur Aripkah; Amsari Damanik; I Kadek Sudiarsana
Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Volume 4 Nomor 1 February - May 2
Publisher : PT PUSTAKA CENDEKIA GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70292/pchukumsosial.v4i1.306

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan Kode Etik dan Pedoman Perilaku Hakim dalam Putusan Nomor 454/Pid.B/2024/PN Sby serta menilai apakah pertimbangan hakim telah mencerminkan prinsip independensi dan imparsialitas. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum doktrinal dengan pendekatan normatif yang dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui metode deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kode etik hakim dalam putusan tersebut belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan prinsip etik kehakiman, khususnya terkait independensi, objektivitas, dan profesionalitas hakim. Pertimbangan hukum hakim dinilai masih menimbulkan keraguan karena adanya ketidaksesuaian antara fakta persidangan dengan amar putusan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan pengawasan etik hakim guna menjaga integritas dan kepercayaan publik terhadap lembaga peradilan

Strategi Branding Berbasis Inovasi dan Kewirausahaan Sosial Untuk Penguatan Daya Saing dan Citra Produk Madu Kelulut I Putu Gede Didik Widiarta; I Kadek Sudiarsana; Riki Andika; Faisal Azmi
Paser Institute Management and Busines Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Hal
Publisher : PIRSAP (Paser Institute for Scientific Research and Publications)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Stingless bee honey (kelulut honey) industry in Indonesia holds substantial economic and ecological potential but continues to face challenges in branding and market competitiveness. This study aims to formulate a branding strategy based on innovation and social entrepreneurship to strengthen the competitiveness and image of stingless bee honey products in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. A descriptive–qualitative approach was employed, integrating Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal–External (IE), and SWOT analyses to assess internal capacities and external dynamics. The findings reveal that the primary strengths of kelulut honey enterprises lie in eco-friendly innovation, sustainable packaging, and community-based cooperative systems that enhance economic solidarity among beekeepers. The total IFE score of 3.12 and EFE score of 2.88 position the industry in the Growth and Build Strategy quadrant, indicating a favorable context for proactive development through innovation and strategic collaboration. Priority strategies include eco-branding initiatives, halal and organic certification, cooperative-based digital marketing training, and cross-sector partnerships involving government, academia, and tourism sectors. The study concludes that the integration of innovation, social entrepreneurship, and digital transformation forms a critical foundation for sustainable branding and the advancement of kelulut honey as a leading regional product in the context of green economy development.

Konsep Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi BUMN Dalam KUHP Nasional dan Undang-Undang BUMN Ulil Amri; I Kadek Sudiarsana; Kalen Sanata; Reza Pramasta Gegana
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 04 (2025): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i04.1755

Pemisahan kekayaan negara dan BUMN telah membuka peluang untuk memidana BUMN sebagai entitas korporasi sebagaimana dalam KUHP Nasional dan UU BUMN Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pidana BUMN dalam KUHP Nasional dan menganalisis bentuk harmonisasi konsep pertanggungjawaban pidana BUMN dalam KUHP Nasional dan UU No. 1 Tahun 2025. Tipe penelitian menggunakan tipe penelitian normatif menggunakan pendekatan konsep dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Bahan hukum bersumber dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder yang dianalisis menggunakan analisis preskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) BUMN dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana berdasarkan Pasal 45 KUHP Nasional yang mengategorikan BUMN sebagai entitas yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Hal ini juga selaras dengan teori pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi diantaranya teori vicarious liability, teori directing mind, teori identifikasi dan teori pelaku fungsional, dan 2) UU No. 1 Tahun 2025 memisahkan BUMN dari negara (kekayaan negara) yang bertujuan untuk membuat demarkasi yang jelas antara tanggung jawab publik dan tanggung jawab korporasi. Pemisahan ini berarti kekayaan negara yang digunakan untuk penyertaan modal pada BUMN tidak lagi menjadi bagian dari APBN dan dikelola berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip perusahaan yang sehat, bukan lagi berdasarkan sistem APBN. Pemisahan entitas tersebut mempertegas posisi BUMN sebagai entitas yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban secara pidana.

Symbolic decentralization and political identity: Aspiration for special status in Surakarta Riska Nofharina Lutfiah; Titin Purwaningsih; I Kadek Sudiarsana
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 39 No. 2 (2026): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V39I22026.288-305

The renewed pursuit of special status for Surakarta within Indonesia’s symbolic decentralization reflects the demand for recognition based on historical context, cultural identity, and symbolic legitimacy. This research examines how historical narratives and cultural identity are used as political strategies to support claims for special regional status, drawing on political symbolism and social identity theories. Using a qualitative case study approach, the analysis reviews regulations, academic literature, national media, and public responses on digital platforms. The findings show that symbols and historical narratives have not yet aligned, mainly due to weak connections between local and institutional actors and negative portrayals of the palace elite. Consequently, the main challenges are not only symbolic but also structural, regulatory, and political, which limit the translation of historical legitimacy into policy support. This study concludes and highlights the critical role of political symbolism, collective identity, public opinion, and legal frameworks in developing inclusive policies. However, today’s governance systems focus on administrative aspects rather than historical and symbolic considerations.

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