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DAMPAK PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK PADA KEHAMILAN DAN MASA KANAK-KANAK TERHADAP RISIKO STUNTING: TINJAUAN LITERATUR Marmi Marmi; Arif Rohman Mansur; Sujono Riyadi
Optimal Midwife Journal Volume 2 No. 1 Juni 2025
Publisher : PT Nuansa Fajar Cemerlang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67717/740726

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang masih menjadi tantangan besar, terutama di negara berkembang. Salah satu faktor risiko yang masih kurang dieksplorasi adalah paparan asap rokok selama kehamilan dan masa awal kehidupan anak. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan literatur dengan menelaah artikel ilmiah dari basis data PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan Scopus. Pencarian artikel dibatasi pada publikasi 10 tahun terakhir (2013–2023) dan menggunakan kata kunci seperti “smoking and stunting”, “smoking and pregnancy”, serta “smoking, stunting and pregnancy”. Dari 1.744 artikel yang ditemukan, 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu membahas dampak paparan asap rokok terhadap pertumbuhan anak dan menyertakan informasi mengenai intervensi atau kebijakan terkait. Hasil: Paparan asap rokok selama kehamilan dapat menyebabkan hipoksia janin, gangguan fungsi plasenta, dan perubahan epigenetik yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan anak. Sementara itu, paparan pascakelahiran meningkatkan risiko infeksi saluran pernapasan serta mengganggu penyerapan nutrisi, yang semuanya berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting. Kesimpulan: Paparan asap rokok selama masa prenatal dan pascanatal merupakan faktor risiko signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak melalui mekanisme biologis, pascakelahiran, dan sosial-ekonomi. Upaya pencegahan yang efektif meliputi penerapan kebijakan kawasan tanpa rokok, edukasi kesehatan masyarakat, program penghentian merokok berbasis keluarga, serta penguatan regulasi fiskal seperti peningkatan cukai rokok.
REDUCING MENSTRUAL PAIN IN ADOLESCENTS: THE EFFECT OF DARK CHOCOLATE CONSUMPTION Rina Nuraeni; Marmi Marmi; Windri Dewi Ayu; Heni Heni; Sri Wasiyat
Journal of Maternity Care and Reproductive Health Vol 9, No 2 (2026): Journal of Maternity Care and Reproductive Health
Publisher : Ikatan Perawat Maternitas Indonesia Provinsi Jawa Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36780/jmcrh.v9i2.12369

Abstract

Primary dysmenorrhea is a common problem among adolescent girls and may negatively affect daily activities, emotional well-being, and academic performance. Various non-pharmacological approaches have been explored to manage menstrual pain with minimal side effects, including the consumption of dark chocolate, which contains magnesium and bioactive compounds associated with pain modulation and neuromuscular relaxation. However, evidence regarding structured dark chocolate consumption in early adolescent populations, particularly within school-based settings in semi-urban areas of Indonesia, remains limited, and optimal dosing schedules and implementation under nursing supervision have not been sufficiently explored. This study aimed to examine the effect of dark chocolate consumption on the reduction of primary dysmenorrhea pain intensity among adolescent girls. Methods: A pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among 30 seventh-grade female students who experienced primary dysmenorrhea. Participants consumed dark chocolate consumption with ≥70% cocoa content at a total dose of 30 grams per day, divided into three intakes per day, for two consecutive days during the first and second days of menstruation. Pain intensity was measured using a numerical rating scale before the first consumption (pretest) and after completion of the intervention (posttest). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess changes in pain intensity following the intervention. The findings demonstrated a statistically and clinically significant reduction in dysmenorrhea pain intensity within the study sample. The mean pain score decreased markedly from 6.13 prior to the intervention to 3.70 after dark chocolate consumption, reflecting a transition from moderate to mild pain levels among most participants. Wilcoxon signed-rank analysis confirmed that this reduction was significant (p < 0.05), indicating that the observed improvement represented a consistent and meaningful change across the sample rather than random variation. Dark chocolate consumption was associated with a significant reduction in primary dysmenorrhea pain among adolescent girls. These findings support the use of dark chocolate as a simple, acceptable, and low-risk non-pharmacological intervention.
Penyuluhan Diabetes Melitus Dan Senam Lansia Untuk Meningkatkan Kesehatan di Posbindu Bagas Waras Sri Handayani; Marmi Marmi
JOURNAL OF PHILANTHROPY: The Journal of Community Service Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Philanthropy, July 2026
Publisher : Samodra Ilmu: Lembaga Penelitian, Penerbitan, dan Jurnal Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58353/jop.v4i2.352

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the non-communicable diseases whose prevalence continues to increase among the elderly population and remains a major challenge in community health services. Limited knowledge among older adults regarding diet, symptoms, and prevention of diabetes mellitus, combined with low levels of physical activity, constitutes a risk factor that requires a promotive and preventive approach. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge and attitudes of elderly participants toward diabetes mellitus and to promote regular physical activity through elderly gymnastics (senam lansia). The activity was carried out on 16 May 2026 at Posbindu Bagas Waras, Bale Asri Housing Complex, targeting elderly participants registered in the local posbindu program. The methods used included health education through interactive lectures and discussion, blood pressure and random blood glucose measurement, and elderly gymnastics guided by an instructor. Evaluation was conducted by comparing participants' knowledge before and after the education session using a questionnaire. The results showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge following the health education session, along with high enthusiasm in participating in the elderly gymnastics session. This activity is expected to serve as a sustainable effort in controlling risk factors for diabetes mellitus among elderly groups through the empowerment of posbindu programs.
Association Between Self-Efficacy, Subjective Norms, and Smoking Cessation Behavior Among Adolescent Smokers in East Java: A Reproductive Health Perspective Marmi Marmi; Sujono Riyadi
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 4: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026183

Abstract

Smoking behavior among adolescents remains an important public health concern because tobacco exposure during adolescence may contribute to long-term health risks, including potential reproductive health implications. This study aimed to examine the associations between smoking refusal self-efficacy, subjective norms, and smoking cessation behavior among adolescents in East Java, Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 among 200 adolescents recruited from four secondary schools using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior framework. Smoking cessation behavior was defined as complete abstinence from conventional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes/vaping during the previous 30 days. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and binary logistic regression with a significance level of p < 0.05. Most respondents were male (70.0%) and aged 12–18 years. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between smoking refusal self-efficacy category and smoking cessation behavior (p < 0.001) and between subjective norms category and smoking cessation behavior (p = 0.002). In the adjusted logistic regression model, adolescents with lower self-efficacy had lower odds of achieving smoking cessation compared with those with higher self-efficacy (adjusted OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.19–0.78; p = 0.008). The association between stronger supportive subjective norms and smoking cessation was not statistically significant after adjustment (adjusted OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 0.80–3.52; p = 0.168). Smoking refusal self-efficacy was associated with adolescent smoking cessation behavior, while subjective norms showed an association in bivariate analysis but not after adjustment. Interventions may consider strengthening adolescents’ refusal skills and supportive social environments to promote tobacco abstinence. Abstrak: Perilaku merokok pada remaja masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting karena paparan tembakau sejak masa remaja dapat meningkatkan risiko gangguan kesehatan jangka panjang, termasuk potensi dampak terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara smoking refusal self-efficacy, norma subjektif, dan perilaku berhenti merokok pada remaja di Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada tahun 2024 terhadap 200 remaja yang direkrut dari empat sekolah menengah menggunakan teknik proportional stratified random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang dikembangkan berdasarkan kerangka Theory of Planned Behavior. Perilaku berhenti merokok didefinisikan sebagai kondisi abstinensi total dari penggunaan rokok konvensional maupun rokok elektronik (vaping) selama 30 hari sebelum pengumpulan data. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik biner dengan tingkat kemaknaan statistik p < 0,05. Sebagian besar responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki (70,0%) dan berada pada rentang usia 12–18 tahun. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kategori smoking refusal self-efficacy dengan perilaku berhenti merokok (p < 0,001) serta antara kategori norma subjektif dengan perilaku berhenti merokok (p = 0,002). Pada model regresi logistik setelah dilakukan penyesuaian, remaja dengan tingkat self-efficacy yang lebih rendah memiliki peluang lebih rendah untuk mencapai perilaku berhenti merokok dibandingkan dengan remaja yang memiliki self-efficacy lebih tinggi (adjusted OR = 0,39; 95% CI: 0,19–0,78; p = 0,008). Sementara itu, hubungan antara norma subjektif yang lebih mendukung dengan perilaku berhenti merokok tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan setelah dilakukan penyesuaian (adjusted OR = 1,68; 95% CI: 0,80–3,52; p = 0,168). Smoking refusal self-efficacy berhubungan dengan perilaku berhenti merokok pada remaja, sedangkan norma subjektif menunjukkan hubungan pada analisis bivariat namun tidak lagi signifikan setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat. Intervensi berhenti merokok pada remaja dapat mempertimbangkan penguatan kemampuan menolak rokok (refusal skills) dan pengembangan lingkungan sosial yang mendukung untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan mempertahankan abstinensi terhadap penggunaan tembakau.