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Chūn Zǐ Ér Nǚ (春子儿女) : Islamic and Indonesian Legal Perspective Laksita Putri, Adellia; Miftachul Ulum, Kefi; Khairunnisa, Maulida; Suganda, Rangga
Mauriduna: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Mauriduna: Journal of Islamic Studies, November 2024
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Bahasa Arab Ar Raayah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37274/mauriduna.v5i2.1173

Abstract

Kesuksesan pemerintah China dalam menyediakan akses pendidikan bagi seluruh warganya dengan puncak lulusan pada tahun 2023 berjumlah 10 juta lulusan menjadi sebuah dilema, karena pemerintah China juga gagal menyediakan ketersediaan lapangan pekerja untuk menyerap lulusan tersebut. Tidak tersedianya lapangan pekerjaan tersebut meningkatkan presentase pengangguran pada tahun 2023 sebesar 21% dari tahun 2022, permasalahan tersebut menciptakan fenomena chūn zǐ ér nǚ atau full-time children sebagai profesi baru bagi generasi muda China, sebanyak 4000 orang dalam sosial media Douban yang telah mendeklarasikan berprofesi sebagai full-time children. Fenomena tersebut akan diteliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan data penelitian yang bersumber dari kepustakaan, berita dan informasi negara. Data-data tersebut dikaji menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis, deskriptif komparatif dan beberapa pendekatan untuk memberikan hasil penelitian yang integrative seperti pendekatan behavioristic, kultural, hukum dan islam. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan berbagai macam faktor yang menyebabkan fonemana chūn zǐ ér nǚ dan faktor-faktor tersebut juga terjadi di Indonesia, sehingga fenomena tersebut memiliki probabilitas menyebar ke generasi muda perkotaan khususnya. Dalam kajian tradisional dan kultural, fenomena tersebut bukan suatu profesi, melainkan pendidikan tradisional yang ada di sosial kemasyarakatan Indonesia. Namun, dalam pendekatan hukum, fenomena tersebut merupakan suatu hubungan hukum antara pekerja dengan pemberi kerja dengan prestasi, hak dan kewajiban dari timbulnya hubungan hukum melalui perikatan atau perjanjian kerja, hal tersebut berdasarkan kecakapan hukum dari generasi muda China yang telah mencapai usia cakap hukum. Pemerintah perlu untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam negeri seperti faktor ekonomi, faktor pendidikan dan faktor generasi sebagai faktor yang terjadi di China, faktor-faktor tersebut dapat menghambat program Indonesia emas 2045. The Chinese government's success in providing access to education for all its citizens, with a peak of 10 million graduates in 2023, is a dilemma because the Chinese government has also failed to provide employment opportunities to absorb these graduates. The unavailability of jobs increases the percentage of unemployment in 2023 by 21% from 2022. This problem creates the phenomenon of chūn zǐ ér nǚ, or full-time children, as a new profession for China's young generation. As many as 4000 people on Douban social media have declared their profession as a full-time child. This phenomenon will be researched using qualitative research methods with research data sourced from literature, news, and state information. These data were studied using descriptive analysis, comparative descriptive approaches, and several approaches to provide integrative research results, such as behavioristic, cultural, legal, and Islamic approaches. In this research, various factors were found that cause phonemana chūn zǐ ér nǚ, and these factors also occur in Indonesia, so this phenomenon has the possibility of spreading to the urban younger generation in particular. In traditional and cultural studies, this phenomenon is not a profession but traditional education that exists in Indonesian society. However, in a legal sense, this phenomenon is a legal relationship between workers and employers with achievements, rights, and obligations resulting from the emergence of a legal relationship through employment agreements or agreements. This is based on the legal skills of China's young generation, who have reached legal age. The government needs to resolve domestic problems such as economic factors, educational factors, and generational factors that occur in China. These factors can hinder the Indonesia Gold 2045 programme.
Tipologi Multiakad Dalam Fatwa Ekonomi Digital Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia Ulum, Kefi Miftachul; Fuad, Ahmad Zaky; Khairunnisa, Maulida; Mawadah, Atina Rahmah; Pratama, M. Rafirsa Agung
Adzkiya : Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 12 No 2 (2024): Adzkiya: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri Meto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/adzkiya.v12i2.7431

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of the typology of a contract which is commonly used by the community for fulfilling daily digital-based needs. Some contend that merging contracts breaches Sharia principles, while others believe it is permitted with limitations. Aside from the debate in the current digital-based era, muamalah transaction activities have evolved and grown towards a modern direction that is carried out online; however, due to low literacy and interest in reading, the general public is unaware that this involves multiple contracts. The fatwa given by the DSN MUI institution does not cover the complete scope of so many contracts. These concerns will be analyzed employing a normative legal research methodology that adopts a conceptual approach. The DSN MUI Fatwa and Community practices represent the study's primary data, while the literature on contract typology is used for secondary data. The research discovered that people practice muamalah or contract employing multiple agreements without realizing it. Additionally, the DSN MUI Fatwa does not cover it all in one integrated fatwa formulation. The findings of the present research can also be used to cluster muamalah or contract practices with multi-agreement typologies, which will facilitate the general public's understanding of the participating behaviors.  
Tipologi Multiakad Dalam Fatwa Ekonomi Digital Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia Ulum, Kefi Miftachul; Fuad, Ahmad Zaky; Khairunnisa, Maulida; Mawadah, Atina Rahmah; Pratama, M. Rafirsa Agung
Adzkiya : Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 12 No 2 (2024): Adzkiya: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri Meto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/adzkiya.v12i2.7431

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of the typology of a contract which is commonly used by the community for fulfilling daily digital-based needs. Some contend that merging contracts breaches Sharia principles, while others believe it is permitted with limitations. Aside from the debate in the current digital-based era, muamalah transaction activities have evolved and grown towards a modern direction that is carried out online; however, due to low literacy and interest in reading, the general public is unaware that this involves multiple contracts. The fatwa given by the DSN MUI institution does not cover the complete scope of so many contracts. These concerns will be analyzed employing a normative legal research methodology that adopts a conceptual approach. The DSN MUI Fatwa and Community practices represent the study's primary data, while the literature on contract typology is used for secondary data. The research discovered that people practice muamalah or contract employing multiple agreements without realizing it. Additionally, the DSN MUI Fatwa does not cover it all in one integrated fatwa formulation. The findings of the present research can also be used to cluster muamalah or contract practices with multi-agreement typologies, which will facilitate the general public's understanding of the participating behaviors.  
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MELALUI PRANATA SURAT TUMBAGA HOLING DALAM MASYARAKAT BATAK ANGKOLA Sormin, Ihwan; Khairunnisa, Maulida; Suciana Rambe, Dinda
Jurnal AL-MAQASID: Jurnal Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Keperdataan Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24952/almaqasid.v10i1.9936

Abstract

This research analyses how the state protects the existence of surat tumbaga holing institutions as a costitutional right of the Angkola Batak community. This research is a normative legal research that is normative empirical in nature which is legal research to find legal rules in the principle of surat tumbaga holing in accordance with the principles of the Indonesian legal system. Primary data used are legal materials from the library and laws and regulations related to legal protection, social structure and local wisdom. To support this data, secondary data is added from the behaviour and values that live in the Angkola Batak community as a living legal norm. The theory used as an analysis knife in this research is Eugen Erlich's legal sociology, where Erlich sees positive law on the one hand and the law that lives in society on the other. Erlich sees that positive law will be effective if it is in line with and incorporates the values and laws that live in society. The results show that the tumbaga holing letter also has a role in resolving problems or criminal acts that occur, such as adultery, domestic violence, verbal insults, defamation or slander, as well as other criminal acts such as theft that can disrupt public welfare. In addition, the sanctions given as punishment to perpetrators involve actions such as being expelled from their customary community, paying a fine to the victim, apologising to the victim or their family in the presence of customary elders, as well as being obliged to cover all food costs incurred during the settlement of the crime. This reality is guaranteed by the state through Article 18 B paragraph (2) which ensures that the state protects, respects and recognises customary law communities and their traditional rights if they are still alive, in accordance with the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and implemented through legislation. While juridically, it is determined that judges and constitutional judges as law enforcers are obliged to always follow the development of legal values and community justice in adjudicating and deciding cases before them as contained in the judicial power law.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MELALUI PRANATA SURAT TUMBAGA HOLING DALAM MASYARAKAT BATAK ANGKOLA Sormin, Ihwan; Khairunnisa, Maulida; Suciana Rambe, Dinda
Jurnal AL-MAQASID: Jurnal Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Keperdataan Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24952/almaqasid.v10i1.9936

Abstract

This research analyses how the state protects the existence of surat tumbaga holing institutions as a costitutional right of the Angkola Batak community. This research is a normative legal research that is normative empirical in nature which is legal research to find legal rules in the principle of surat tumbaga holing in accordance with the principles of the Indonesian legal system. Primary data used are legal materials from the library and laws and regulations related to legal protection, social structure and local wisdom. To support this data, secondary data is added from the behaviour and values that live in the Angkola Batak community as a living legal norm. The theory used as an analysis knife in this research is Eugen Erlich's legal sociology, where Erlich sees positive law on the one hand and the law that lives in society on the other. Erlich sees that positive law will be effective if it is in line with and incorporates the values and laws that live in society. The results show that the tumbaga holing letter also has a role in resolving problems or criminal acts that occur, such as adultery, domestic violence, verbal insults, defamation or slander, as well as other criminal acts such as theft that can disrupt public welfare. In addition, the sanctions given as punishment to perpetrators involve actions such as being expelled from their customary community, paying a fine to the victim, apologising to the victim or their family in the presence of customary elders, as well as being obliged to cover all food costs incurred during the settlement of the crime. This reality is guaranteed by the state through Article 18 B paragraph (2) which ensures that the state protects, respects and recognises customary law communities and their traditional rights if they are still alive, in accordance with the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and implemented through legislation. While juridically, it is determined that judges and constitutional judges as law enforcers are obliged to always follow the development of legal values and community justice in adjudicating and deciding cases before them as contained in the judicial power law.
Media Komunikasi Dalam Pembelajaran di Kelas IV SDN 050730 Tanjung Pura Hafizhotul Husna, Diah; Nabila, Haura; Khairunnisa, Maulida; Putri Aulia, Nurul; Marsella, Vira
Wangsa : Journal of Education and Learning Vol 1 No 01 (2024): Education and Learning
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Syariah Manna Wa Salwa Tanah Datar Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan manfaat media komunikasi dalam proses pembelajaran di SDN 050730 Tanjung Pura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yaitu pendekatan yang digunakan untuk memahami fenomena sosial atau perilaku manusia dari perspektif partisipan dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dipilih untuk mendapatkan wawasan mendalam terkait fenomena yang akan diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media komunikasi seperti video pembelajaran, presentasi PowerPoint, dan platform e-learning seperti Google Classroom telah diterapkan secara efektif dalam pembelajaran. Guru menggunakan media ini untuk menyampaikan materi secara lebih menarik dan interaktif, yang meningkatkan pemahaman, partisipasi aktif, dan prestasi akademik siswa. Selain itu, penggunaan media komunikasi memungkinkan penyampaian materi yang lebih variatif dan menarik, serta memudahkan evaluasi dan umpan balik secara efisien. Meskipun terdapat tantangan seperti keterbatasan infrastruktur dan adaptasi teknologi, upaya peningkatan fasilitas dan pelatihan guru telah membantu mengatasi kendala tersebut. Secara keseluruhan, implementasi media komunikasi telah menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih dinamis dan efektif, yang bermanfaat dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di SDN 050730 Tanjung Pura.