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All Journal JURNAL BIOSAINSTEK Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Sri Martuti
Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta

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Analysis of the Effectiveness of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Extracts as Antifungal Agents Against Candida albicans: Constraints and Inhibiting Factors Maria Indriani Bupu; Sri Martuti; Monika Putri Solikah
BIOSAINSTEK Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Jurnal BIOSAINSTEK
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALUKU UTARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52046/biosainstek.v7i2.2524

Abstract

Candidiasis is an infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans and can attack various parts of the body such as skin, hair, nails, mucous membranes, and internal organs. The use of synthetic antifungal drugs is common in treating this infection, but causes unwanted side effects, therefore alternative treatments based on natural ingredients are needed that are safer and more effective. Garlic (Allium sativum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) contain bioactive compounds such as allicin and curcumin which have the potential as antifungal agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) extracts in inhibiting Candida albicans fungus. This study used 3 treatment groups, namely the control group, the garlic (Allium sativum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) groups with each extract concentration of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% with six repetitions. Extraction using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, while antifungal activity test was conducted using disc diffusion method on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) media. Inhibition zone was observed after incubation for 24 hours in an incubator with a temperature of 37 °C. The results showed that garlic and turmeric extracts did not produce inhibition zone against Candida albicans growth. This ineffectiveness was caused by several factors, including the processing of materials, the use of high concentration ethanol solvent, testing method, and the absence of quantitative analysis of active compound content. These factors affect the decrease in the effectiveness of active compounds in the extract, so that it is unable to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans.
Differences in Hemoglobin and Hematocrite Levels in Active Smokers and Non-Smokers Daffa Yudhitya Nugraha; Sri Martuti; Isnin Aulia Ulfah Mu’awanah
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i2.862

Abstract

Hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) are two important parameters in clinical hematology that reflect the body's ability to carry oxygen. Smoking is known to affect these parameters due to the exposure to carbon monoxide, which causes hypoxia and stimulates the production of more red blood cells. This phenomenon represents a significant health issue globally, including among employees in Indonesia, where smoking is common. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels between active smokers and non-smokers among non-medical employees at RS Bhayangkara Tulungagung. This observational study used a cross-sectional design. A total of 30 respondents, consisting of 15 active smokers and 15 non-smokers, were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected through smoking behavior questionnaires and laboratory blood tests using a hematology analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Mann-Whitney U test to examine differences between the two groups. The average hemoglobin level in active smokers was 15.98 g/dl, which was higher compared to non-smokers at 15.03 g/dl. Similarly, the average hematocrit level in smokers was 50.40%, higher than in non-smokers at 44.91%. Mann-Whitney test results indicated significant differences between the two groups for both hemoglobin (p = 0.020) and hematocrit (p = 0.004). There are significant differences in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels between active smokers and non-smokers. Active smokers tend to have higher levels of Hb and Hct as a response to the hypoxia caused by carbon monoxide exposure from cigarette smoke.
Co-Authors Daffa Yudhitya Nugraha Isnin Aulia Ulfah Mu’awanah Maria Indriani Bupu Monika Putri Solikah