Porong, Jelie Viekson
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Effects of Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Leaf Liquid Organic Fertilizer and NPK Dose on Cauliflower Growth and Curd Yield in Tomohon, Indonesia. Tulung, Stella Maria Theresia; Supit, Paula Clara Heinny; Raintung, Jeane S.M.; Sompotan, Saartje; Porong, Jelie Viekson
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (JAT) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v7i1.66767

Abstract

Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) production in tropical highlands often depends on high mineral fertilizer inputs, yet integrated nutrient management using locally available organic biostimulants may improve growth and yield while supporting soil quality. This study evaluated the effects of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf liquid organic fertilizer (POC) concentration and NPK compound fertilizer dose on cauliflower grown in Kakaskasen, Tomohon City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (May–October 2025). A 3 × 3 factorial experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications (27 experimental units). POC concentrations were 0, 100, and 200 mL L⁻¹, and NPK doses were 0, 100, and 200 kg ha⁻¹; chicken manure (10 t ha⁻¹ equivalent) was applied as a basal input. Plant height, leaf number, and curd weight were assessed at harvest (~70 days after transplanting) and analyzed by ANOVA followed by LSD (5%). No interaction between POC concentration and NPK dose was detected for the reported variables. Increasing POC significantly improved plant height and leaf number, with 200 mL L⁻¹ producing the tallest plants (40.00 cm) and the highest leaf number (16.11 leaves plant⁻¹). Curd weight increased markedly with POC from 112.47 g (0 mL L⁻¹) to 192.93 g (200 mL L⁻¹). NPK significantly increased plant height and curd weight, with the highest curd weight at 200 kg ha⁻¹ (174.77 g), while the NPK effect on leaf number was not significant. Overall, 200 mL L⁻¹ moringa-leaf POC combined with adequate NPK supply is recommended for further field-scale validation under Tomohon conditions. Keywords: Brassica oleracea; integrated nutrient management; liquid organic fertilizer; Moringa oleifera; NPK fertilizer
Neighbourhood-Scale Carbon Footprint of Community Activities in Batu Kota, Malalayang District, Manado City Claudhio, Jehezkiel K.; Wantasen, Sofia; Lumingkewas, Adeleyda M. W.; Paat, Frangky J.; Rotinsulu, Wiske C.; Paulus, Jeanne M.; Pakasi, Sandra E.; Pioh, Diane D.; Ogie, Tommy B.; Porong, Jelie Viekson
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v7i1.67504

Abstract

Neighbourhood-scale carbon-footprint assessment is increasingly important for understanding how everyday urban activities contribute to greenhouse-gas emissions. This study evaluated the carbon footprint generated by community activities in Kelurahan Batu Kota, Malalayang District, Manado City, Indonesia. The research was conducted from January to February 2026 using a quantitative survey approach with purposive sampling. A total of 335 households were selected from five neighbourhood units. Primary data were collected through field observation and questionnaires covering LPG use, household electricity consumption, motor-vehicle ownership, fuel type, and transport-fuel consumption. Carbon emissions were estimated for three activity categories, namely LPG use, electricity consumption, and motorized transportation, using IPCC-based calculation procedures. The results showed that the total carbon footprint of community activities in Kelurahan Batu Kota reached 7,410.98 ton CO₂eq year⁻¹. Transportation was the dominant emission source, contributing 4,546.12 ton CO₂eq year⁻¹ or 61.34% of the total, followed by electricity consumption at 2,432.12 ton CO₂eq year⁻¹ and LPG use at 432.74 ton CO₂eq year⁻¹. Spatially, the carbon footprint was unevenly distributed across neighbourhoods. Lingkungan 5 produced the highest total emissions at 2,646.89 ton CO₂eq year⁻¹ or 35.72% of the total, whereas Lingkungan 4 contributed the lowest share. These findings indicate that the carbon profile of Batu Kota was driven primarily by daily mobility and electricity use rather than by cooking-fuel consumption. The study provides baseline evidence for neighbourhood-based emission management and highlights the importance of place-specific mitigation strategies in urban residential environments. Keywords: carbon footprint; electricity consumption; household emissions; neighbourhood-scale assessment; urban transportation