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All Journal Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution
Rachana, Kong
Unknown Affiliation
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

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Role of Fungi in Biodegradation of Bisphenol A: A Review Kristanti, Risky Ayu; Ningsih, Fitria; Yati, Indri; Kasongo, Joseph; Mtui, Elias; Rachana, Kong
Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.241

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is recognized as an endocrine disruptor, capable of interfering with the normal functioning of hormones within the body by mimicking the effects of estrogen. Drinking water is one of the most common pathways of exposure to BPA as it can permeate plastic products and other materials, entering water sources. This article presents a comprehensive overview of BPA, including its incidence, origins, environmental fate, its impact on human health, and the role of fungi in the biodegradation of BPA. Fungi are natural decomposers, capable of breaking down organic compounds, including BPA, under suitable conditions. Studies have demonstrated that specific species of fungi can effectively biodegrade BPA. Some fungi utilize ligninolytic enzymes, such as laccases and peroxidases, to break down the phenolic rings of BPA. Other fungi employ non-ligninolytic enzymes, such as esterases and hydrolases, to cleave the ester linkages in BPA. Furthermore, some fungi can break down BPA via cometabolic pathways, whereby the chemical is degraded as a side reaction to the degradation of another substrate. The use of immobilized enzymes for BPA degradation has also demonstrated potential. Immobilized enzymes are those that are attached to a solid support, such as a polymer or matrix, allowing them to be used multiple times and enhance their stability and catalytic activity
Biodegradation of Microplastics: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Prospects for Environmental Remediation Finayeva, Novlina; Kristanti, Risky Ayu; Rachana, Kong; Batubara, Ummi Mardhiah
Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.671

Abstract

Microplastics are widespread environmental pollutants detected in aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric ecosystems. Their persistence, coupled with their potential to bioaccumulate and release toxic additives, raised serious concerns for both environmental and human health. This study aimed to assess microbial biodegradation as a viable strategy for reducing microplastic pollution. The research focused on the mechanisms through which microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi, degraded plastic polymers under various environmental conditions. Several microbial strains demonstrated the ability to degrade polymers such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride, albeit at varying efficiencies. Environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, oxygen availability, and nutrient concentration, were found to significantly influence the rate and extent of microbial degradation. Despite these promising findings, the overall degradation rates observed in natural environments remained low. Moreover, challenges related to microbial specificity, metabolic limitations, and the scalability of degradation processes hindered the practical application of microbial treatments on a large scale. The complexity of polymer structures and the additives used in plastic manufacturing further complicated microbial breakdown. To overcome these barriers, future research should prioritize genetic engineering of microbial strains and the optimization of bioprocesses to improve degradation efficiency. Such advancements could pave the way for sustainable and effective biotechnological solutions to mitigate microplastic pollution.
Co-Authors Batubara, Ummi Mardhiah Finayeva, Novlina fitria ningsih Kasongo, Joseph Mtui, Elias Risky Ayu Kristanti yati, indri