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ANALYZING HOW URBANIZATION IMPACTS ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
J-MACC Vol 7 No 2 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Islam Darul Ulum Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52166/j-macc.v7i2.7693

Research on the complex interplay among urbanization and economic growth frequently examines a number of factors, including industrial sectors including manufacturing, high-tech industries, and productive service industries missing aggregate analysis. Sequel to this, this study analyzed how urbanization impacts economic growth in Nigeria. Essentially, the study uses unit root testing, vector error correction model (VECM) and causality method to analyze the data span over 1986-2021. Given that the likelihood is negligible at 0.39%, the null hypothesis—that there is no causal association between jobs and economic development, directed from jobs to economic growth—cannot be rejected at 5%. On the other hand, at 5%, the null hypothesis—that there is no causal relationship between CGDP and employment—can be rejected, with a probability of 0.02%, which is highly significant. Therefore, for the time span covered by the analysis, there is a unidirectional causal relationship in Nigeria between jobs and economic growth, with jobs driving economic expansion. indicating that more jobs can be created in Nigeria as a result of increased economic growth. The use of the empirical framework and data restrictions are two of the study's shortcomings. To further explore this empirical issue, future efforts should concentrate more on the study of panel and quarterly data.

Evaluating the Nexus Between Exports, Imports, GDP, and Gross Capital Formation in South Africa Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Journal of Enterprise and Development (JED) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): January - April
Publisher : Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business of Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/jed.v7i1.11563

Purpose: This study evaluates the connection between exports, imports, GDP, and gross capital formation in South Africa.Method: The study employed the AutoRegressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method, along with unit root tests to validate data stationarity, and bounds testing to confirm long-run cointegration among the variables. EViews 12 software was used to analyze the data spanning from 1986 to 2022.Results: The findings indicate a statistically significant positive relationship between imports and gross capital formation at the 1% level, suggesting that imports stimulate gross capital formation in South Africa. Exports also demonstrate a direct connection with gross capital formation. Empirically, both exports and imports are significant factors in enhancing the level of gross capital formation in the country. This indicates that increasing the gross domestic product (GDP) is crucial for diversifying exports, with economic policy being a major determinant that can promote investment in gross capital formation to boost both exports and imports. This sets the foundation for ensuring that exports and imports have a long-term impact on gross capital formation (GrCaF).Practical Implications for Economic Growth and Development: This study contributes to economic growth and development by highlighting the critical role of imports and exports in enhancing gross capital formation, which in turn improves the South African economy. The findings suggest that robust policies should be implemented, including tax cuts, increased infrastructure development, the promotion of manufactured goods, and advancements in domestic technologies. The government must provide stronger support for domestic industries to translate these efforts into economic growth and development.

Cryptocurrency Market Volatility and Risk Management During Global Crises: A Systematic Literature Review (2013–2023) Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Sinergi International Journal of Accounting and Taxation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): February 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijat.v2i1.479

This study investigates cryptocurrency market volatility and its implications for risk management, focusing on its potential as a hedging instrument amid financial uncertainty. A systematic literature review (2013–2023) was conducted to analyze the relationship between cryptocurrency fluctuations, diversification strategies, and regulatory responses, especially during global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. External shocks significantly influence price volatility, posing substantial risks to investors. Utilizing a comprehensive literature review, findings reveal that external factors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, contribute to cryptocurrency price fluctuations, creating significant market uncertainty. Despite its hedging potential, the high volatility of cryptocurrency remains a major risk for investors. Regulatory uncertainty further complicates the adoption of cryptocurrency in financial markets. A well-defined regulatory framework is essential for enhancing investor confidence and fostering market stability. The study highlights the importance of investor education in mitigating cryptocurrency risks, emphasizing the need for financial literacy programs tailored to cryptocurrency investment. Additionally, stablecoins have emerged as a promising solution to address market volatility, providing greater stability compared to other cryptocurrencies. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning presents opportunities for improving investment strategies and market predictions. This study suggests that future research should focus on developing predictive models for cryptocurrency price movements and exploring international collaboration on cryptocurrency regulation. By implementing sound risk management strategies, investor education, and regulatory reforms, cryptocurrency can evolve into a more reliable financial asset, contributing to the broader investment landscape.

The Impact of Monetary Policies on Corporate Foreign Exchange Risk Management: A Systematic Literature Review Across Emerging Economies Lestari, Putri Ayu; Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Sinergi International Journal of Accounting and Taxation Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijat.v2i3.481

Amid increasing currency volatility, effective foreign exchange risk management has become critical to maintaining corporate financial stability, particularly in emerging economies. This study examines systemic factors influencing foreign exchange risk and evaluates corporate strategies for mitigating exposure. A systematic literature review was conducted using Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, focusing on hedging strategies, policy regulations, and financial instruments. The findings indicate that firms in volatile economic environments face substantial uncertainty, with monetary policy shifts significantly affecting their hedging decisions. Moreover, companies in developing economies encounter structural barriers, including limited access to financial instruments and market intelligence. Key findings emphasize the tangible effects of monetary policies on corporate hedging behavior and highlight the urgent need for financial infrastructure reforms and risk literacy programs. This study highlights the importance of leveraging financial technologies and adopting comprehensive hedging strategies to mitigate currency risk. The insights offer practical implications for businesses and policymakers navigating the complexities of global financial exposure. Future research should explore innovative approaches tailored to diverse economic contexts to enhance corporate financial resilience against exchange rate fluctuations.

Reforming Fixed Asset Accounting in the Public Sector: Global Practices and Policy Insights Anggraeni, Rasmi Nur; Safitri, Awalina Dea; Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Sinergi International Journal of Accounting and Taxation Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijat.v2i4.714

This narrative review explores the systemic challenges and reform strategies in fixed asset accounting within public institutions. It examines practices across valuation, depreciation, internal controls, and the implementation of international standards such as IPSAS. Findings reveal persistent issues including bureaucratic resistance, political interference, and outdated technologies. Countries with stronger institutional capacity and digital systems demonstrate better outcomes.This review contributes to the literature by synthesizing international best practices and highlighting policy-relevant insights for sustainable public asset management.

Evaluating the Nexus Between Exports, Imports, GDP, and Gross Capital Formation in South Africa Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Journal of Enterprise and Development (JED) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business of Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/jed.v7i1.11563

Purpose: This study evaluates the connection between exports, imports, GDP, and gross capital formation in South Africa.Method: The study employed the AutoRegressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method, along with unit root tests to validate data stationarity, and bounds testing to confirm long-run cointegration among the variables. EViews 12 software was used to analyze the data spanning from 1986 to 2022.Results: The findings indicate a statistically significant positive relationship between imports and gross capital formation at the 1% level, suggesting that imports stimulate gross capital formation in South Africa. Exports also demonstrate a direct connection with gross capital formation. Empirically, both exports and imports are significant factors in enhancing the level of gross capital formation in the country. This indicates that increasing the gross domestic product (GDP) is crucial for diversifying exports, with economic policy being a major determinant that can promote investment in gross capital formation to boost both exports and imports. This sets the foundation for ensuring that exports and imports have a long-term impact on gross capital formation (GrCaF).Practical Implications for Economic Growth and Development: This study contributes to economic growth and development by highlighting the critical role of imports and exports in enhancing gross capital formation, which in turn improves the South African economy. The findings suggest that robust policies should be implemented, including tax cuts, increased infrastructure development, the promotion of manufactured goods, and advancements in domestic technologies. The government must provide stronger support for domestic industries to translate these efforts into economic growth and development.

Non-Governmental Organization Struggle in Nigerian Democratic System Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR) 2025: Volume 6 Issue 1
Publisher : Indonesian Academy of Social and Religious Research (IASRR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53639/ijssr.v6i1.312

Democracy is fundamental to any nation's growth, stability, and harmony. Nigeria's path to democratic governance has been complex and challenging, marked by corruption, military interventions, and persistent political instability. In this context, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have emerged as vital actors in promoting social justice, human rights, and good governance. This study evaluates the role and struggles of NGOs within Nigeria's democratic system, with a specific focus on Ilorin metropolis in Kwara State. Using a survey research design and a sample size of 155 respondents determined through Taro Yamane's formula, the study gathered data from residents to assess perceptions of NGO effectiveness and engagement. Findings reveal that NGOs must proactively engage policymakers and governmental institutions to influence policy formulation and implementation. However, a minority of respondents (10) strongly disagreed with the proposition that increased funding from government and international donors is necessary for NGOs to function effectively. The study recommends enhanced collaboration between NGOs and public officials to strengthen democratic governance through improved communication, policy advocacy, and institutional partnerships.

Trade openness and Economic Growth: An empirical analysis from Nigeria Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v5i4.1640

With a focus on trade openness, interest rates, exchange rates, and foreign direct investment, this study investigates the relationship between trade openness and economic growth in Nigeria between 1986 and 2021. Many observers believe that nations with poor infrastructure are unable to maintain sustained economic growth, particularly when trade openness is hampered by several obstacles. Even though trade liberalization has been extensively studied, few studies thoroughly examine how these factors collectively affect Nigeria's economic growth now, especially over a wide range of data. Using ARDL methodologies, this study shows that trade openness has a significant impact on economic growth, highlighting its critical role in the economy. The study demonstrates that trade openness and foreign direct investment significantly affect economic growth. These revelations improve understanding of the role macroeconomic analysis plays in economic growth and strategic economic management issues.

Does Exchange Rate Influence Trade Balance in Nigeria (1986-2022)? Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijtc.v5i4.1697

Due to trade balance disparities and the recession in numerous African nations, exchange rate discourse has recently gained prominence throughout the continent. Because of their high reliance on imports and limited production capacity, developing nations find it challenging to create enough foreign money to fund imports, which means that the exchange rate has an impact on their trade balance. Sequel to this, this paper examines the effect of exchange rate on trade balance in Nigeria between 1986 and 2021. Using ARDL methodologies, this study shows that exchange rates have a significant impact on trade balance, highlighting its critical role in the international finance of the country. The study recommends A policy that aims to depreciate the Nigerian exchange rate to improve the TrB can be advocated because the results indicate that a depreciation of the currency may have a positive impact on the TrB over the long term. However, this recommendation to devalue the Naira shouldn't be so drastic as to negatively impact the importation of capital goods that are vital to the expansion and development of the Nigerian economy.

Unemployment among Active Population and Poverty Level in Nigeria Adekunle, Ahmed Oluwatobi
International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR) 2025: Volume 6 Issue 2
Publisher : Indonesian Academy of Social and Religious Research (IASRR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53639/ijssr.v6i2.310

The socioeconomic problems of poverty and unemployment among the active population are interwoven and continue to impede Nigeria's capacity for progress. Despite being the one of the biggest economies in Africa, the nation struggles to create jobs, especially for its growing youth population. The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) reports that in the first quarter of 2021, Nigeria's unemployment rate increased to more than 33%, with youth unemployment making up about 53% of the country's total unemployed population. Increased poverty, social discontent, and economic stagnation are all consequences of this escalating crisis for both people and society. Following this, this study aims to evaluate unemployment among active population and poverty level in Nigeria. The participants in this study were residents of Ogun State's Ilaro metropolis. The sample size was calculated using the population figure, from which a total of 128 responders were chosen. The research selected for this study was survey research design and Taro Yamane's formula was utilized. The results based on respondents' responses show that Nigerian government should implement comprehensive educational reforms that focus on equipping students with practical skills relevant to the job market. Additionally, 13 of the respondents strongly disagreed that initiatives to encourage entrepreneurship among the youth should be prioritized. The study recommends development of initiatives to lower youth unemployment and poverty, the government should work with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and foreign organizations. These collaborations can guarantee the successful execution of projects and improve resource mobilization.

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