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PRELIMINARY QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENINGS AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIALS OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA GROWN IN ENUGU STATE, SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA: THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA GROWN Danjuma, Kabir; Lawan, Imrana; Jaafar , Saleh; Abdulmajid, Shafiu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Publisher : STIKes Mandala Waluya Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol7.Iss1/260

Abstract

Background: Moringa oleifera, being one of the 14 species of family Moringaceae, is an herbal medication that is well-known for its many therapeutic applications. Worldwide, moringa has been used as a traditional herbal medications for a variety of conditions, including anemia, skin infections, blackheads, anxiety, bronchitis, catarrh, chest congestion, asthma, blood impurities, cholera, glandular, swelling, headaches, conjunctivitis, cough, diarrhea, eye and ear infections, fever, hysteria, joint pain, pimples, psoriasis, respiratory disorders, scurvy, semen deficiency, sore throat, sprain, tuberculosis, intestinal worms, lactation, diabetes, and pregnancy. This study was done to determine qualitatively the phytochemicals and antimicrobial potentials of the leaf extracts of moringa oleifera. Methods: Cold extraction (maceration) was used using 95 % ethanol as extracting solvent. The phytochemical screening was done using standard procedure/methods (to detect alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, and polyphenols), while antimicrobial potentials was done using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, polyphenols, steroids, and glycosides. Results: he results also showed that moringa was active against antibacterial (S. aureus and E. coli) and fungal (Rhizopus and A. niger) isolates tested, with petroleum ether extract showing greater activity (larger zones of inhibition), followed by methanol, acetone, and chloroform extracts, respectively Conclusion: We have concluded that Moringa oleifera can be utilized as a safe and affordable plant antimicrobial agent since it contains active components with antibacterial properties, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, phenolics, and triterpenoids.
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Guava Leaf Fractions of Psidium guajava (Guava) Cultivated in Idah, Nigeria Lawan, Imrana; Ismail, Abubakar Isyaku
Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development (November)
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/ijhrd.v2i3.290

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities of Psidium guajava leaves. Psidium guajava (guava) belonging to the Myrtaceae family is an evergreen tree cultivated for its precious fruits and high biological properties. This research work was done to screen the phytochemical present and determine the antimicrobial properties of Psidium guajava leaf fractions. Ethanol solvent was used to extract the sample (using the cold maceration method), and the crude extract was further fractionated using n-hexane, acetone, and methanol solvents respectively. The screening of the phytochemicals (to test for alkaloids, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and saponins) was done using the standard procedure, and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the plant was done using agar well diffusion method. The results showed that Psidium guajava leaf extracts contain all the phytochemicals tested, with an n-Hexane fraction containing Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins polyphenols, and steroids. The acetone fraction reveals Alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, polyphenols, and steroids, while the methanol fraction contains Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. The results also showed Psidium guajava's promising antimicrobial properties, with the n-hexane fraction showing the greatest antimicrobial activity. This research has confirmed the widespread traditional medicinal applications, which is most prevalent among people living in northern Nigeria.
ASSESSMENT OF CYTOTOXICITY, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS CULTIVATED IN NORTHERN NIGERIA: LEAF EXTRACTS OF ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS Danjuma, Kabir; Abdu, Kabir; Lawan, Imrana; Amayandi, Magaji; Jibrin, Moses
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Publisher : STIKes Mandala Waluya Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol6.Iss2/256

Abstract

Background: Okra (Abelmochus esculentus) belongs to Malvaceae family and is widely cultivated in Africa, India, America, and Brazil for its fibrous fruits containing round, white seeds. This study was carried out to assess the cytotoxicity, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Abelmoschus esculentus cultivated in north-western, Nigeria. Methods: The plant sample was collected, washed, identified, grounded into powder and extracted using solvent extractor with ethanol as solvent, and this was followed by fractionation using three more solvents of different polarities (starting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and then methanol). The cytotoxicity of the extracts was assessed using Brine Shrimp Lethality assay; Antioxidant activity of the extracts was studied using DPPH radical scavenging assay method, while antimicrobial activity was determined using agar well diffusion method. Results: The cytotoxicity results showed n-hexane having highest activity (LC50 394.499 µg/ml), followed by methanol extract (LC50 538.098 µg/ml), ethyl acetate extract (LC50 2106.499 µg/ml), and then crude extract (LC50 5634.091 µg/ml) respectively. The results also revealed that the extracts possessed significant antioxidant activity, with crude extract showing highest activity (IC50 = 74.229 µg/ml), followed by methanol extract (IC50 = 83.396 µg/ml), ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 126.159 µg/ml), and then n-hexane extract (IC50 = 138.936 µg/ml). The extracts revealed remarkable antimicrobial activity and were even more noticeable in antibacterial result at higher concentrations with ethyl acetate extract showing largest zone of inhibitions, followed by n-hexane extract, crude extract, and then methanol extract respectively. Conclusion: From the findings of this research study we have concluded that the leaf extracts Abelmoschus esculentus possesses antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and is also less toxic.