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All Journal Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology Teknomekanik
Setyayunita, Tamaryska
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Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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The Influence of Sodium Chloride Treatment on the Sisal Fiber Bundle’s Properties Setyayunita, Tamaryska; Suryanto, Heru; Aminnudin, Aminnudin
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p532

Abstract

Currently, composite board manufacturing using natural fiber has the potential to be expanded due to environmental awareness. To produce high-performance natural fiber, treatment is needed to improve natural fiber’s mechanical and physical properties. One of chemical treatments is by using sodium chloride (NaCl). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of sisal fiber after NaCl treatment. The concentrations of NaCl treatment were 1, 3, and 5 (wt.%) at room and boiling temperature and the soaking duration was 1 hour. Meanwhile, tensile strength, strain, and Young’s modulus were tested to evaluate the mechanical properties. Fiber bundle diameter, weight change due to treatment, and contact angle were tested to assess the effect of NaCl treatment. Sisal fiber bundle was treated with 5 wt.% NaCl for 1 h exhibited the highest value of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, reduction of fiber bundle diameter, percentage of weight change, and decrement of contact angle in comparison with untreated fiber bundle. Treatment with 5 wt.% NaCl at boiling temperature successfully increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus by 48.39% and 76.8%, respectively, compared to untreated fibers. NaCl treatment was shown to be an effective method to improve the mechanical properties and wettability of fibers, which has potential for application in high-performance plant fiber composites. The surface of sisal fiber treated with 5 wt.% NaCl at boiling temperature appeared rougher than that of the untreated one. In addition, this treatment also reduced the contact angle between the fiber and the adhesive by 38.71% compared to the untreated.
Characteristics of sisal-epoxy composite boards with sodium chloride-treated fibers at different treatment temperatures Setyayunita, Tamaryska; Suryanto, Heru; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Osman, Azlin Fazlina; Yanuhar, Uun
Teknomekanik Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Regular Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/teknomekanik.v8i1.35572

Abstract

The growing environmental concerns associated with synthetic fibers have led to the increased adoption of bio-fibers as reinforcements in polymer composites. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is explored as a fiber treatment agent to enhance the adhesion between fibers and the matrix. The study aims to evaluate the effects of NaCl treatment on the characteristics of sisal fiber-epoxy composite boards. A completely randomized design was applied with three factors: treatment temperature (25 °C and 100 °C), NaCl concentration (1, 3, and 5 wt%), and composite board density (0.40, 0.60, and 0.80 g/cm³). Sisal fibers were soaked in NaCl solutions for one hour, rinsed, dried, and manually blended with epoxy at a ratio of 80:20 wt%. Composite board properties were observed according to the standards of JIS-A-5908, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that increasing the NaCl concentration and treatment temperature significantly improved the properties of the composite board. The optimal parameters (5wt% NaCl, 100 °C, 0.80g/cm³) yielded a modulus of elasticity of 4.59±0.26 GPa, modulus of rupture of 18.88±0.03 MPa, and internal bond strength of 3.92±0.18 MPa, representing increases of 200.32%, 130.65%, and 218.70%, respectively. Thickness swelling decreased to 2.13±0.43% (48.14%) and water absorption to 8.95±0.05% (32.25%). These findings confirm that NaCl treatment is an eco-friendly method to enhance the mechanical strength and moisture resistance of biofiber composites. It also supports the development of high-performance composite boards.
Co-Authors Aminnudin, Aminnudin Heru Suryanto Osman, Azlin Fazlina Yanuhar, Uun