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All Journal AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science JPT : JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN (JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION)
Fadhlurrahman, Rayhan
Unknown Affiliation
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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Potential of a Palm Oil-Based Surfactant in Nanoemulsion Formulation for Botanical Insecticide Piper aduncum Lina, Eka Candra; Rusli, Rusdi; Fadhlurrahman, Rayhan; Rustam, Rusli; Nelly, Novri; Yanti, Rina Novia
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 47, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v47i1.4382

Abstract

Palm oil-based surfactants have the potential to be used as botanical insecticide formulations that are environmental friendly. This study was aimed to obtain information on the potential of palm oil-based surfactants as substitutes of synthetic surfactants in the preparation of botanical insecticide formulations to control Spodoptera frugiperda in organic farming. The experiment consisted of two stages, namely the stability test (surfactant and formulation) and the second stages were to test the insecticidal activity of the formulation against the targeted insects. The method of stability tests was following the standards of Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council (CIPAC). The insecticidal activity test used the leaf immersion method with the observation parameters of larval mortality and larval development time. The relationship between treatments and larval mortality was analyzed using probit to determine the LC50 and LC95 values. The data obtained were analyzed for variance and continued with the Least Significant Different test at 5% level. This study showed that palm oil has potential as a surfactant in the Piper aduncum nanoemulsion formulation according to CIPAC standards and affected the mortality of S. frugiperda with LC50 concentration of 0.55 and LC95 of 2.95.
Physiological Interference of Nanoemulsion-Formulated Botanical Insecticide Para-Menthane-3,8-Diol on Spodoptera frugiperda Fadhlurrahman, Rayhan; Lina, Eka Candra; Nelly, Novri
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.9.2.119-13-.2025

Abstract

Para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), derived from citronellal of citronella plants, has potential as an eco-friendly botanical insecticide for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological interference caused by a PMD nanoemulsion formulation on S. frugiperda. Bioassays were conducted using the leaf-dip method. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with Statistix 8 and Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% significance level using SPSS version 25. Probit analysis with POLO PLUS was performed to determine LC₂₅ and LC₅₀ values. The results showed that PMD nanoemulsion induced significant physiological interference in S. frugiperda, as indicated by increased mortality with LC₂₅ and LC₅₀ values of 0.15% and 0.48%, respectively. At a concentration of 0.75%, the treatment disrupted development by reducing pupation and adult emergence to 30% and altering the sex ratio to 1 male: 0.22 female. Sublethal interference was evident through strong antifeedant activity (62.88%) and pronounced changes in physiological parameters, including consumption rate (0.0328 mg/day), growth rate (0.0023 mg/day), and efficiency of ingested food (6.0029 mg/day). Overall, the PMD nanoemulsion formulation interfered with survival, feeding behavior, growth, and developmental physiology of S. frugiperda, highlighting its potential as an eco-friendly botanical insecticide.
Effect of Defoamer of Botanical Insecticide Nanoemulsion Paramentandiol to Control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fadhlurrahman, Rayhan; Lina, Eka Candra; Nelly, Novri
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4779

Abstract

Formulating a stable para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) nanoemulsion requires a balanced ratio of active ingredients and surfactants. Increasing the active ingredient may improve efficacy but can reduce stability, while excessive surfactant levels may cause unwanted foaming during application. This study evaluates the use of a defoamer to improve nanoparticle stability and enhance the biological activity of the formulations against Spodoptera frugiperda. The research was conducted in two stages: (1) characterization of particle stability using the DLS method and (2) evaluation of insecticidal activity through the leaf-dip bioassay. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test; LC50 and LC95 values were determined via Probit analysis using POLO PLUS. The addition of a defoamer significantly improved the physicochemical properties and performance of the PMD nanoemulsion. The formulation achieved a refined particle size of 202.2 nm and a PDI of 0.20, both within acceptable nanoparticle standards. At a concentration of 0.25%, the defoamer-enhanced formulation demonstrated superior biological efficacy, including a 0.07% increase in LC95 efficiency and 3.14% growth inhibition. The treatment reduced pupal formation and adult emergence by 8% and altered the sex ratio. The addition of a defoamer improves the physical properties of the nanoemulsion and its biological efficacy against Spodoptera frugiperda.
Co-Authors Eka Candra Lina NOVRI NELLY Rina Novia Yanti Rusdi Rusli, Rusdi Rusli Rustam