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p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Gretete, Driss
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Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Factors influencing the integration of web accessibility in Moroccan public e-services Ezzahra, Chadli Fatima; Moumen, Aniss; Gretete, Driss; Sabri, Zineb
International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) Vol 14, No 1: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijict.v14i1.pp77-90

Abstract

Governments worldwide are increasingly digitizing their services to enhance efficiency, transparency, and accessibility for citizens. Morocco has made significant strides in adopting information and communication technology (ICT) and has implemented various initiatives to promote digital transformation across sectors. However, ensuring that digital content and e-services are accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities, is crucial to building an inclusive digital environment. Against this background, this study, based on a qualitative analysis, explores the main factors influencing the integration of web accessibility in the Moroccan public sector from the perspective of web developers and information technology (IT) managers. Through semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, the findings reveal key barriers such as limited awareness, training deficiencies, and lack of legal framework and available guidelines. Additionally, the study highlights the need for robust managerial backing and greater collaboration with stakeholders, including people with disabilities. By raising awareness and providing actionable insights, this study offers valuable recommendations for policymakers and moves the field forward, providing a foundation for future strategies to enhance web accessibility in the Moroccan public sector.
Enhanced face recognition with nuclear norm-based angle 2D-PCA using QR decomposition Elalji, Jamal; Gretete, Driss; Chougdali, Khalid
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 15, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v15i3.11042

Abstract

Several approaches based on two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) have shown limitations in terms of classification performance. To enhance its robustness, an angular variant of 2DPCA has been proposed, establishing a relationship between reconstruction error and data variance through the Frobenius norm. However, this technique still encounters certain challenges. To overcome these shortcomings and further strengthen resilience to data variations, we propose a novel framework: nuclear norm-based angular 2DPCA using QR-decomposition (AN2DPCA-QR). This new formulation leverages the nuclear norm to optimize a variance-related criterion by maximizing the ratio of projected to original variance, aiming to improve the discriminative capacity of the projection space. The method employs a non-greedy iterative algorithm to solve the optimization problem, incorporating adaptive mean centralization for bias reduction, and QR decomposition instead of singular value decomposition (SVD) for numerical stability and reduced complexity. Compared to its predecessor, AN2DPCA-QR offers enhanced robustness, and interpretability. Results obtained on various public benchmark datasets clearly demonstrate the practical relevance and resilience of the proposed method.
Co-Authors Chougdali, Khalid Elalji, Jamal Ezzahra, Chadli Fatima Moumen, Aniss Sabri, Zineb