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Istikshāf al-Takfīr wa Uṣūluhu wa Istikhdāmātuhu: Muqāranat Kufr al-Ta’wīl bayna al-Ashā‘irah wa al-Salafiyyah al-Wahhābiyyah Wibowo, Waskito; Fadillah, Nur Aisyah; Madi, Ahmed A. A.; Mabrook, Bassam Hadi Mohammed
Al-Zahra: Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies Vol 21, No 1 (2024): Al-Zahra: Journal For Islamic And Arabic Studies
Publisher : Fakultas Dirasat Islamiyah, Univitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/zr.v21i1.37782

This article seeks to analyze and focus on institutional Salafism, also referred to as Wahhabism. The term "Salafism" was not associated with Wahhabi doctrine until the 1970s. It is said that in the early 20th century, Wahhabis began calling themselves Salafis. In contemporary academic discussions, the terms "Salafism" and "Wahhabism" are sometimes used interchangeably. Using a library-based research method, this article concludes that not all Salafis hastily declare others as infidels, including the Wahhabis. They distinguish between apparent issues and hidden issues in the matter of individual takfir (excommunication). They hold that anyone who falls into acts of apparent polytheism, after the evidence from the Quran and Sunnah has been presented to them, is individually excommunicated. However, in hidden matters, a person is not declared an infidel unless their doubts have been entirely dispelled.

Revealing Religious Moderation: Hermeneutics Study in Al- Qur'an and Tripitaka Scripture Fadillah, Nur Aisyah; Suci, Perwita
JOURNAL OF QUR'AN AND HADITH STUDIES Vol. 13 No. 1: (2024)
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/quhas.v13i1.35649

This study examines the role of religious moderation in strengthening unity amid the diversity of Indonesian society, which is rich in ethnic, linguistic, and religious variations focusing on Islam and Buddhism. Using a hermeneutic and qualitative approach that combines theoretical, philosophical, and critical analysis, this study explores the principles of religious moderation as depicted in the Qur’an and the Tripitaka. It aims to discover ways to manage diversity in Indonesia and prevent religious conflicts, contributing to scholarly discussion on how religious moderation can support peaceful Coexistence in a diverse society. The finding highlights the support of Islam and Buddhism for the concept of moderation and their rejection of extremism, which is in line with the national principles of “Unity in diversity” (Bhinneka Tunggal Ika). The study concludes that implementing religious moderation based on tolerance and mutual respect is key to maintaining harmony and avoiding inter-religious friction, offering a practical framework for more inclusive social integration.

Bridging Revelation and Algorithm: Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Malakah in the Epistemology of Ḥadīth Criticism A'thoina, Inna; Hasballah, Farah; Fadillah, Nur Aisyah
Digital Muslim Review Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32678/dmr.v3i1.38

This study explores the epistemological and methodological integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within ḥadīth criticism, focusing on its relationship with the classical Islamic concept of malakah—the intellectual and spiritual faculty enabling a muḥaddith to discern authenticity and hidden defects (ʿillah) within prophetic narrations. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach and library research method, the study analyses both classical Islamic scholarship and contemporary AI research to construct an integrative framework for AI-assisted ḥadīth analysis. The research demonstrates that AI, particularly through Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML), offers significant potential to enhance the analytical precision, scalability, and efficiency of ḥadīth authentication. However, it contends that AI must be situated as an epistemological instrument rather than an autonomous interpretive authority. The study argues that while AI can replicate heuristic and linguistic reasoning, it cannot emulate the moral and spiritual intuition inherent in malakah. Consequently, it proposes a hybrid epistemic model where AI serves as a supportive analytical tool, guided by Islamic epistemological principles rooted in tawḥīd, ʿadl, and scholarly ethics. This integration reaffirms the role of human interpretive authority while ensuring that technological innovation in ḥadīth studies remains consistent with the ethical and intellectual heritage of Islamic scholarship.

Istikshāf al-Takfīr wa Uṣūluhu wa Istikhdāmātuhu: Muqāranat Kufr al-Ta’wīl bayna al-Ashā‘irah wa al-Salafiyyah al-Wahhābiyyah Wibowo, Waskito; Fadillah, Nur Aisyah; Madi, Ahmed A. A.; Mabrook, Bassam Hadi Mohammed
Al-Zahra : Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): Al-Zahra: Journal For Islamic And Arabic Studies
Publisher : Fakultas Dirasat Islamiyah, Univitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/zr.v21i1.37782

This article seeks to analyze and focus on institutional Salafism, also referred to as Wahhabism. The term "Salafism" was not associated with Wahhabi doctrine until the 1970s. It is said that in the early 20th century, Wahhabis began calling themselves Salafis. In contemporary academic discussions, the terms "Salafism" and "Wahhabism" are sometimes used interchangeably. Using a library-based research method, this article concludes that not all Salafis hastily declare others as infidels, including the Wahhabis. They distinguish between apparent issues and hidden issues in the matter of individual takfir (excommunication). They hold that anyone who falls into acts of apparent polytheism, after the evidence from the Quran and Sunnah has been presented to them, is individually excommunicated. However, in hidden matters, a person is not declared an infidel unless their doubts have been entirely dispelled.

Virtuality of Online Religion in Cyberspace: Study of Virtual Hajj in Metaverse Discourse Fadillah, Nur Aisyah; Murad, Ahmad Nailul
FITRAH: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 10, No 1 (2024): 8 Articles, Pages 1-166
Publisher : UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24952/fitrah.v10i1.10866

The article examines the phenomenon of shifting religion in Cyberspace, where the practices from the offline to the online sphere are indicated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has changed the social structure and behaviour of Indonesian society. For the most part, hajj metaverse discourse tends to use this new public space to be a clear visual manifestation of religious identity. Using this theoretical framework of Champbell and Sheldon, religion needs to adjust to all threats and risks in Cyberspace. The article questions to what extent the metaverse Hajj discourse has shifted religious authority in Cyberspace. How has the pandemic impacted the discourse of Hajj through the metaverse? as seen from the debate of restrictions on places of worship and leading to alternative ways to enjoy the Hajj pilgrimage during the COVID-19 pandemic? Using qualitative methods and ethnographic study, discourse on metaverse hajj makes it impossible to shift religious authority because, in historical, legal, and procedural terms, it is problematic to apply in Muslim society. On the other hand, the ritual of Hajj cannot be broken because a series of activities requires physical presence. The second finding is that the law of Hajj in the metaverse to spread COVID-19 does not validate the Hajj itself because it does not fulfil the pillars of Hajj. Findings reveal that while the metaverse offers potential benefits such as increased accessibility and immersive experiences, it also raises concerns regarding fulfilling Hajj's core tenets, which require physical presence and adherence to specific rituals. The study concludes that although virtual Hajj may serve as a supplementary tool for education and familiarization, it cannot replace the actual pilgrimage due to its inherent limitations in fulfilling the religious obligations associated with Hajj. This research contributes to understanding how digital transformation influences religious practices and highlights the tension between technological advancements and traditional rituals.

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