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All Journal CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy
Dwicahya, Fatrian
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Morphological and Functional Changes in Hepatic System Precipitate Liver Disease in Elderly: Addressing Knowledge Gaps and Treatment Challenges Dwicahya, Fatrian; Kholili, Ulfa
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 25, No 3 (2024): VOLUME 25, NUMBER 3, December, 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/253202462-69

Abstract

Globally, the elderly population are more increasing each year. The enhancement of life expectancy is also followed by the enhancement of chronic illness, which one of them is liver disease. In elderly, there are also several physiological and biochemical changes in liver. Several studies show that the reduction of liver function will affect the severity of liver clinical manifestation in older people. This review article aims to discuss more about liver disease in older population. Hepatitis A in elderly has higher mortality and morbidity rates compared to young people. More over, the progressivity of acute hepatitis B to chronic hepatitis B is also greater in older people than young people. The treatments of hepatitis B and hepatitis C are safe and effective to be applied in elderly. Polypharmacy and fraility affects the elderly to be more susceptible to drug induced liver injury (DILI). This review aims to address knowledge gaps in understanding the morphological and functional changes in the aging hepatic system, their implications for disease progression, and the effectiveness of current therapeutic strategies. By critically analyzing recent evidence, we identify challenges in treating liver diseases in the elderly and highlight areas requiring further research. 
The Etiology, Classification, and Management of Shock: A Review Hapsari, Tita Agrippina Indira; Fetarayani, Deasy; Dwicahya, Fatrian; Widodo, Naufalluthfi
Current Internal Medicine Research and Practice Surabaya Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL (IN PROGRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Abstract Shock is a critical condition characterized by circulatory failure that results in inadequate oxygen delivery and may lead to organ dysfunction, and it is classified into four main types—hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive shock—each with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the etiology, classification, and management of the various types of shock, with an emphasis on the importance of early recognition and timely intervention to prevent irreversible organ damage and mortality. The results highlight the crucial role of early diagnosis through thorough history-taking, physical examination, and targeted investigations, as well as advances in fluid management, pharmacological therapies, and bedside assessment tools that have improved the ability to stabilize patients promptly and effectively, although challenges remain in optimizing individualized treatment protocols. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach combined with adherence to established guidelines is essential to enhance patient outcomes and reduce mortality. In conclusion, prompt identification and intervention are fundamental to effective shock management, and continued advancements in treatment strategies along with ongoing research into personalized care are vital for improving outcomes in patients with shock.
Co-Authors Deasy Fetarayani Hapsari, Tita Agrippina Indira Ulfa Kholili Widodo, Naufalluthfi