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Epidemiologi Deskriptif Tuberkulosis di Kota Surabaya Tahun 2018-2022 Rahmahdia, Asti Alya; Sari, Siti Shofiya Novita; Astutik, Erni
Media Gizi Kesmas Vol 13 No 2 (2024): MEDIA GIZI KESMAS (DECEMBER 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgk.v13i2.2024.652-658

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a top-ranking communicable disease in terms of morbidity and mortality factors in Indonesia. Surabaya city has the highest TB cases in East Java in 2022, with a prevalence rate of 355 per 100,000 population. Objectives: This study will provide an overview of tuberculosis cases in Surabaya City from 2018 to 2022. Methods: The research employs a descriptive approach using an ecological study design. The aggregate data sourced from the Surabaya City Health Office's reports, with the analysis unit being the sub-district, are utilized in this study. Other articles serve as comparative sources for the findings in this research. Results: Throughout the years 2018 to 2022, the spread of TB was higher in males than females, with a prevalence exceeding 53%. Based on regions, the prevalence of TB varies across different areas and does not always correlate with regions with high population and density. In terms of time, there was an increase in TB cases before and after the COVID-19 pandemic which is in 2021, there were 4,628 TB cases, which then rose to 8,218 cases in 2022. Conclusion: TB cases burden in Surabaya City among males during 2018-2022 surpassed females, attributed partly to lifestyle choices and smoking, while population density isn't always the primary factor in TB prevalence due to its multifactorial nature; moreover, the resurgence of TB cases post-pandemic doesn't necessarily signify negativity, as it might indicate improved TB case reporting compared to the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Assessing Risk of Insomnia in Youth: Mental Health and Modifiable Lifestyle Factors Rahmahdia, Asti Alya; Ghanynafi, Abdullah; Astutik, Erni
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background : Insomnia is a pervasive global public health concern with significant implications for productivity and overall well-being, particularly among youth. Objective : This study aimed to assess the association between mental health factors (depression, anxiety, and stress) and selected modifiable lifestyle factors (physical activity and coffee consumption) with the incidence of insomnia in an urban Indonesian setting. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 111 youth in East Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test was performed. Results : The prevalence of insomnia in this study was 41.4% while depression, anxiety, and stress were reported at 12.6%, 23.4%, and 0.9% respectively. Anxiety was significantly associated with the incidence of insomnia. Youth classified with anxiety were associated with a twofold increase in the risk of insomnia (PR=1.916; 95%CI=1.276-2.879; p=0.009) compared to those without anxiety. No statistically significant association was observed between stress(p=0.414), depression (p=0.324), physical activity level (p=0.697), and coffee consumption status (p=0.389) with insomnia. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The study concludes that in this population, anxiety is the most critical and isolated mental health determinant of insomnia, while behavioral factors such as physical activity and coffee consumption did not emerge as significant risk factors. These findings emphasize the necessity for targeted public health strategies focusing on anxiety screening and early management to alleviate the burden of insomnia among youth in similar urban settings.