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All Journal Jurnal Samudra Ekonomika Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies
Amalina, Faizah
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Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Long-Term Impact of Dirty and Clean Energy on Indonesia’s Economic Growth: Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Ringga, Edi Saputra; Hafizah, Iffah; Idroes, Ghifari Maulana; Amalina, Faizah; Kadri, Mirzatul; Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig; Noviandy, Teuku Rizky; Hardi, Irsan
Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjbes.v2i1.49

Abstract

Dirty (non-renewable) energy, considered environmentally harmful due to greenhouse gas emissions, is contrasted with clean (renewable) energy, which is believed to have positive ecological impacts that can boost economic growth in the long term. This study analyzes the long-term effects of electricity generation from both dirty and clean energy sources on economic growth in Indonesia, using data from two periods: before the COVID-19 pandemic (2000–2019) and the full period including the COVID-19 pandemic (2000–2022). Empirical findings from Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) methods reveal that dirty energy significantly impacts long-term economic growth in both periods, while clean energy does not have a substantial effect. A robustness check conducted using the Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) method confirms that dirty energy continues to play a crucial role in Indonesia's long-term economic growth. A key finding is that the positive impact of dirty energy generation on economic growth was stronger in the full period including the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before. This suggests that dirty energy contributed more to economic growth during the pandemic. The study recommends a balanced approach to economic growth by prioritizing the transition to clean energy while recognizing the importance of dirty energy in Indonesia's economy. This transition should be gradual, using the current role of dirty energy to support economic development while investing in clean energy alternatives for sustainable growth.
General Equilibrium Model Applications in Energy Research: A Bibliometric Analysis Agustina, Maulidar; Thahira, Zia; Zikra, Naswatun; Amalina, Faizah; Afjal, Mohd; Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v3i1.291

Abstract

This study investigates the scholarly landscape of General Equilibrium (GE) model applications within the field of energy research through a bibliometric lens. Utilizing a dataset of 864 journal articles indexed in Scopus from 1974 to 2022, the research maps publication trends, identifies leading contributors, and uncovers prevailing thematic clusters within the field. The analysis employs VOSviewer to visualize co-authorship networks, as well as institutional and country-level productivity, source relevance, and keyword co-occurrence patterns. Results reveal that China, the United States, and Japan are the most prolific countries, while Energy Policy and Energy Economics emerge as the most influential journals. Among the authors, Masui T. stands out as the most productive, while Paganetti registers the highest number of citations, reflecting a significant scholarly impact over recent years. Keyword mapping highlights dominant research themes centered on "computable general equilibrium analysis," "computable general equilibrium model," and "emission control," reflecting the field’s alignment with climate-related energy policy evaluation. This bibliometric overview not only provides a structured understanding of intellectual developments in GE-energy research but also identifies underexplored areas that warrant further investigation—particularly the integration of GE models with renewable energy transitions in developing economies and the incorporation of behavioral and distributional dimensions within energy policy assessments. The study contributes to the advancement of interdisciplinary dialogue by informing future research directions and supporting evidence-based policymaking in the energy-climate nexus.
Does Social Assistance Expenditure Reduce Poverty? Panel Evidence from Indonesian Provinces Thahira, Zia; Agustina, Maulidar; Zikra, Naswatun; Amalina, Faizah; Mukhra, Uly Handayani
Jurnal Samudra Ekonomika Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Samuka
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Samudra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33059/jse.v9i2.13180

Abstract

This study investigates the determinants of poverty across Indonesian provinces with a particular focus on the role of social assistance expenditure. Using provincial panel data from 2015 to 2024, the analysis combines information on poverty headcount ratios with fiscal, economic, and political variables, namely social assistance per capita, gross regional domestic product (GRDP) per capita, unemployment rate, and election years. The study employs a fixed effects panel regression model, selected on the basis of specification tests, and incorporates one-year lagged values of social assistance and GRDP per capita to capture the delayed effects of fiscal and economic policies. The results reveal that social assistance has a negative but modest effect on poverty, indicating its limited yet relevant role in supporting vulnerable households. GRDP per capita emerges as the strongest determinant, confirming the importance of inclusive growth in driving poverty reduction, while unemployment significantly worsens poverty outcomes. In addition, poverty rates tend to fall in election years, reflecting the influence of political cycles on welfare spending. Overall, the findings underscore that poverty reduction in Indonesia requires multidimensional strategies that combine sustained economic growth, labor market improvements, and well-targeted social assistance, supported by institutional safeguards that ensure consistency beyond short-term political incentives.
Co-Authors Afjal, Mohd Agustina, Maulidar Hafizah, Iffah Hardi, Irsan Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig Idroes, Ghifari Maulana Kadri, Mirzatul Mukhra, Uly Handayani Ringga, Edi Saputra Teuku Rizky Noviandy Thahira, Zia Zikra, Naswatun