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All Journal Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Komunita: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
PM Erza Killian
Universitas Brawijaya
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Efektivitas Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas Indonesia Dalam Mengurangi Hambatan Perdagangan Serta Implikasinya terhadap Strategi Ekonomi Nasional PM Erza Killian; Primadiana Yunita; Reza Triarda
Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 9 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/ganaya.v9i1.5060

Abstract

Indonesia has signed multiple Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) to expand market access. However, the utilization rate of preferential tariffs remains low, while non-tariff barriers and rules of origin (ROO) complexity persist. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Indonesia’s FTAs in reducing trade barriers, explain the implementation factors that make their impacts partial, and draw implications for Indonesia’s national economic strategy. Using a qualitative policy case study approach, the research combines semi-structured online interviews with eight officials from the Ministry of Trade and document analysis of FTA texts, implementing regulations, technical reports, and trade data; validity is strengthened through source triangulation. The findings show that FTAs have lowered tariffs and expanded market coverage to roughly 70% of Indonesia’s exports, yet the benefits have not been translated evenly across firms. Preferential use particularly among MSMEs is constrained by ROO compliance costs, documentation and input traceability burdens, post-shipment verification concerns, and divergent technical standards and certification requirements. Moreover, rising sustainability and labor compliance demands increase compliance costs, leaving de facto barriers significant even when preferential tariffs are available. FTA proliferation also generates a noodle bowl effect through overlapping rules and procedures, prompting firms to choose MFN tariffs when preferential savings do not justify administrative costs. The study concludes that FTA effectiveness depends critically on regulatory harmonization, simplification of preferential procedures, strengthened MSME compliance capacity, and enhanced digital trade facilitation to ensure more inclusive and sustainable gains.
Pemberdayaan Mahasiswa dalam Kewirausahaan Berorientasi Ekspor melalui Implementasi Campus Exporter Academy PM Erza Killian; Primadiana Yunita; Reza Triarda
KOMUNITA: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : PELITA NUSA TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60004/komunita.v5i3.821

Abstract

The development of export-oriented entrepreneurial capacity among university students is increasingly important in responding to global trade opportunities. However, many students still lack adequate understanding of export concepts, regulatory procedures, and practical strategies for entering international markets. This community engagement activity was carried out through the Campus Exporter Academy (CEA) to strengthen students’ knowledge and readiness in export-oriented entrepreneurship. The activity was implemented in collaboration with the Malang Customs Office and delivered through an interactive material session covering fundamental export concepts, the strategic role of Customs as a trade facilitator, potential global market opportunities, the 6P principles of export preparation, and available customs facilities. The method included lectures, discussions, and a question-and-answer session, with indicators of success assessed from students’ participation, interaction, and their increased understanding of export mechanisms. The results show that students experienced higher awareness of export opportunities, better comprehension of customs procedures, and growing motivation to develop export-oriented business ideas. These findings highlight the importance of continuous student capacity-building programs and the need to develop more advanced and sustainable learning modules in the future.
Co-Authors Primadiana Yunita Reza Triarda