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All Journal Jurnal PORKES INSPIREE: Indonesian Sport Innovation Review
Subagio , Irmantara
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Humanities Education Health Professions Public Health Social Sciences

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Analisis Faktor Penentu Kinerja Atlet Voli Pantai: Sebuah Kajian Literatur Murtadho, Muhammad Muchid; Subagio , Irmantara; Widodo, Achmad; Muhammad, Muhammad; Sulistyarto, Soni
Jurnal Porkes Vol 8 No 1 (2025): PORKES
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/porkes.v8i1.29316

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the determinants of beach volleyball athletes' performance through a literature review. This study identified various aspects that contribute to athlete performance, including physical, technical, psychological, and environmental factors. The literature review was conducted by searching and analyzing 14 relevant scientific articles, obtained through the publish or perish (POP) database and google scholar. The results show that physical condition, strength, endurance, agility, and speed, are the main elements in improving athlete performance. Psychological aspects, motivation and mental resilience, also affect the competitiveness and consistency of athlete performance in matches. Technical factors, which include playing skills such as serving, passing and blocking, and tactical factors, such as game strategy, also have a significant impact on match results. Environmental conditions, such as sand and weather characteristics, influence the effectiveness of movement and the energy expended by athletes. These findings provide implications for coaches and athletes in designing more comprehensive training programs with a sports science-based approach. An effective training strategy should consider the balance between physical, psychological, technical, and environmental factors to optimize the performance of beach volleyball athletes.
Development and Validation of a VO₂max-Based Standard for Talent Identification in Adolescent Competitive Swimmers Baghaskara, Mohammad Noval; Widodo , Achmad; Hakim , Abdul Aziz; Subagio , Irmantara
INSPIREE: Indonesian Sport Innovation Review Vol. 7 No. 02 (2026): Articles May in Press (Accepted Manuscripts) – INSPIREE
Publisher : INSPIRETECH GLOBAL INSIGHT & DPE Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/inspiree.v7i02.174

Abstract

The  purpose  of  the study. This study aimed to develop and validate a VO₂max-based eligibility standard to serve as an objective physiological benchmark for talent identification and selection of adolescent competitive swimmers in Age Group 2 (KU 2, ages 13–15 years) within the Indonesian national training system. Materials and methods. A Research and Development (R&D) design was employed, guided by the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Eight elite national swimmers (four male, four female; mean age 14.5 ± 0.5 years) from the National Potential Young Athlete Training Center (SLOMPN) in Cibubur, East Jakarta, were recruited. Two swimming-specific field test protocols were administered: (1) the Aerobic Swim VO₂max Test 15 Minutes (modified Balke protocol) and (2) the Cooper Swimming Test 12 Minutes. Descriptive statistics, protocol comparison, and cut-off score determination were applied to empirical data.. Results. The 15-minute Balke modified protocol demonstrated superior ecological validity in capturing steady-state aerobic capacity relative to the 12-minute Cooper test. Mean VO₂max values for male athletes were 55.25 ± 0.50 mL/kg/min (12-min) and 58.25 ± 0.50 mL/kg/min (15-min), yielding a composite mean of 56.75 mL/kg/min. Female athletes recorded 45.00 ± 0.00 mL/kg/min (12-min) and 47.75 ± 0.50 mL/kg/min (15-min), with a composite mean of 46.38 mL/kg/min. VO₂max eligibility thresholds for the Superior performance category were established at ≥ 56.7 mL/kg/min for males and ≥ 46.3 mL/kg/min for females. Conclusions. The developed VO₂max standards provide a scientifically grounded, sex-specific, and ecologically valid framework for talent identification in adolescent competitive swimmers. Implementation of these thresholds is recommended across national and regional training centers to minimize subjective selection bias and ensure athletes' physiological readiness for high-performance competition. Future research should expand the normative sample and incorporate direct gas analysis cross-validation.
Co-Authors Achmad Widodo Baghaskara, Mohammad Noval Hakim , Abdul Aziz Muhammad Muhammad Murtadho, Muhammad Muchid SULISTYARTO, SONI Widodo , Achmad