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All Journal Theological Journal Kerugma Journal Didaskalia Jurnal Teologi & Pelayanan Kerusso KAPATA: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Kaluteros Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Jurnal Iluminasi JUITA JOSAPRAT SEJATI
Tjong, Andrew Lucas
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Surabaya
Religion Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Makna Frasa “ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ” dalam Yohanes 1:29 Lucas, Tjong Andrew; Binar, Sri
Jurnal Teologi dan Pelayanan Kerusso Vol 9 No 2: Jurnal Teologi & Pelayanan Kerusso - September 2024
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33856/kerusso.v9i2.408

Abstract

One of the theological titles addressed to Jesus Christ is the Lamb of God. This title can be found in John 1:29 and 1:36 which is the title of John the Baptist to Jesus,and is not found in the Synoptic Gospels. A number of scholars have attempted to interpret the phrase Lamb of God both in a literal and figurative sense and there are a number of different meanings. In this paper, the author seeks the meaning of the phrase Lamb of God in John 1:29 using the exegetical method. The exegetical method used three analyses: contextual analysis, historical, and grammatical and literal analysis. From the analysis carried out, it was found that the meaning of the phrase Lamb of God which is directed at Jesus explains the work of Jesus' salvation through His death on the cross which brought redemption and remission of sins for humans by taking Jewish background: the Passover lamb, and the divine qualities possessed by Christ as the Lamb of God.
Makna Kata “Dipotong” (ekkópto) Dalam Roma 11:22 Tjong, Andrew Lucas; Binar, Sri
Jurnal Teologi dan Pelayanan Kerusso Vol 10 No 1: Jurnal Teologi & Pelayanan Kerusso - Maret 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33856/kerusso.v10i1.465

Abstract

The struggle over whether salvation can be lost or not is a topic that frequently attracts attention among Christians. In the view that salvation can be lost, one of the verses used is Romans 11:22, particularly the word "cut off." On the other hand, there are views that disagree with interpreting this verse as evidence of the possibility of losing salvation. Based on these differing views, a deeper examination of the referenced verse is necessary. In analyzing this verse, the author will use a hermeneutical method with four analytical approaches: contextual, grammatical, lexical, and historical analysis. Based on the exploration of the text in Romans 11:22, it was found that the meaning of the word "cut off" does not refer to the possibility of losing salvation but serves as a stern warning that those who have been saved should not fall back into sin and transgression, as happened to the people of Israel in the past. However, if believers fall into sin, God will take firm action to remind them to repent and return to Him.
A Hermeneutical Study of 2 Corinthians 3:3 on The Nature of Christians Lucas Tjong , Andrew; Prasetyo , Widi; Zalukhu, Eman
Theological Journal Kerugma Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Theological Journal Kerugma April 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33856/kerugma.v8i1.484

Abstract

This article aims to explore the theological meaning of the phrase “the epistle of Christ” in 2 Corinthians 3:3 in relation to the nature of Christians using a hermeneutical approach. Apart from that, this article will also discuss the application of this meaning in the lives of Christians in contemporary society. The hermeneutic approach applied includes three analyses: contextual analysis, grammatical analysis and lexical analysis. Based on the results of the excavation of 2 Corinthians 3:3, it was found that the nature of Christians is related to several things, including the calling of Christians as the epistle of Christ, their position and role, as well as their responsibility in bearing their existence as the epistle of Christ.
Sexuality Education in Sunday Schools For Children Aged 0 –12 Years Lucas Tjong , Andrew; Felicia Fanaya , Kezia; Binar , Sri
Jurnal Didaskalia Vol 8 No 1: Journal Didaskalia - April 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33856/didaskalia.v8i1.490

Abstract

Sex education for children in Sunday schools, particularly those aged 0–12 years, is a significant topic that sparks diverse opinions among church leaders. The rapid development of information technology today compels both parents and educators, within schools and churches, to provide children with sexuality education that is consistent with the teachings of God's Word. This paper, through a literature review of scholarly journals and relevant books, aims to examine the importance of sexuality education, focusing on the need to adapt it to children's developmental stages and its integration into ecclesiastical settings. Drawing from the perspective of Genesis 1:27, the goal is for children to learn to respect and honor both themselves and others, while also understanding appropriate boundaries in interpersonal relationships. Such knowledge is essential to protect children from the risk of sexual violence, which remains a critical concern.
Antara Kasih Karunia dan Tanggung Jawab: Kajian Teologis Filipi 2:12 Saputra, Yosua Dwi; Lucas Tjong , Andrew; Binar, Sri
Kaluteros Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Vol 7 No 1: Kaluteros Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Juni 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Adhi Wacana Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60146/kaluteros.v7i1.127

Abstract

Philippians 2:12 (KJV), which contains the exhortation “work out your own salvation with fear and trembling,” often serves as a focal point of debate in theological discussions regarding the relationship between God’s grace and human responsibility. This paper aims to theologically examine the nature of the relationship between grace and responsibility as reflected in this verse, employing contextual, historical, and grammatical analysis through a hermeneutical approach. The author argues that salvation in Pauline theology is not a past event that has already occurred, but rather an ongoing process grounded in God’s initiative. The emphasis on “fear and trembling” is not a form of legalistic fear but rather an expression of reverence arising from a proper understanding of the immense grace of God. Accordingly, this verse demonstrates a synergy between God’s work and human active participation in the process of salvation; although distinguishable, they cannot be separated or confused. This study is relevant for a balanced Christian understanding of faith that integrates both grace and responsibility.
Analisis Metode Hermeneutika Kitab Suci dalam Tradisi Gereja Ortodoks Timur Tjong, Andrew Lucas
Student Evangelical Journal Aiming At Theological Interpretation Vol 2 No 1: SEJATI (Student Evangelical Journal Aiming at Theological Interpretation) 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69668/sejati.v2i1.95

Abstract

This article aims to elucidate the principles and approaches of hermeneutics within the Eastern Orthodox Church tradition through a library research method that examines the documents and literature of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The hermeneutical method of the Eastern Orthodox Church emphasizes communal interpretation, the unity of Holy Scripture with Holy Tradition, the role of the Holy Spirit in interpretation, the continuity of apostolic succession, and an orientation toward the spiritual transformation of the faithful. The approaches employed include the Christological-Pneumatological, ecclesiological and patristic, literal, allegorical-typological, ethical, moral and spiritual, ascetic, as well as liturgical and iconographic approaches. Collectively, these approaches demonstrate that Eastern Orthodox hermeneutics is inseparable from the life of the Church and aims to lead the faithful toward theosis, the union with God. This article affirms that, in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Holy Scripture is understood holistically as the living Word, interpreted in the light of the Church’s faith, and lived out in the spiritual life of the faithful.
Kajian Teologis Sembahyang Senja dan Sembahyang Singsing Fajar dalam Gereja Ortodoks Timur Tjong, Andrew Lucas; Wicaksono, Yohanes Bambang Cahyo
JURNAL ILUMINASI Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71401/jil.v3i2.57

Abstract

The liturgy of the Eastern Orthodox Church embodies a profound richness of symbolic and theological meaning, particularly in the services of Esperinos (Vespers, Evening Prayer) and Orthros (Matins, Dawn Prayer), celebrated both daily and in anticipation of the Lord’s Day (Sunday). This article specifically explores the theological significance of these two liturgical hours. Employing a historical-theological approach rooted in patristic writings, alongside dogmatic theology through the study of Orthodox liturgical texts, this study highlights how these hours shape the spiritual life of Orthodox Christians. Esperinos marks the transition from evening to morning, echoing the biblical narrative of creation and the eschatological hope for divine light. Orthros, celebrated before sunrise, symbolizes Christ’s resurrection and proclaims the dawn of the new era, the age of grace and salvation manifested in the light of Christ. These services are not mere liturgical formalities, but serve as a medium of apostolic kerygma that forms the faith consciousness and spirituality of the faithful. This article also opens space for ecumenical dialogue within the Indonesian Christian context, particularly in enriching the understanding of worship as the heart of ecclesial life oriented toward the mystery of salvation.
Kajian Intertekstual Terhadap Motif Paulus dalam Mengubah 'Menerima' (Mzm. 68:19) menjadi 'Memberi' (Ef. 4:8) Saputra, Gilbeth Pramana; Tjong, Andrew Lucas
JURNAL ILUMINASI Vol 3 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71401/iluminasi.v3i1.35

Abstract

Psalm 68:19 and Ephesians 4:18 are indeed related: for Paul quotes the verse as a passage in Ephesians. However, Paul's citation method is polemical because there is a clear textual difference between Psalm 68:19 and Ephesians 4:8. The research results in this article use a qualitative method, a literature study involving lexical and grammatical analysis. The result of the analysis in this article is that the conversion of the word לָקַ֣חְתָּ or ἔλαβες in Psalm 68:19 to ἔδωκεν for Paul in his letter does exist. Paul's textual alteration has two factors: First, Paul's position as the Interpreter of the Bible. Thus, when quoting Psalm 68:19, Paul is not just quoting. He made an effort to interpret the quote for the Ephesians. Secondly, Paul was a Jew. The tradition of interpreting Judaic literature does seem to involve changing grammar or words in an attempt to articulate the passage so that the reader of the letter can easily understand the meaning of Psalm 68:19. Given Paul's Jewishness, the alteration of לָקַ֣חְתָּ or ἔλαβες in the original text of Psalm 68:19 to ἔδωκεν in Ephesians 4:8 is one example of the application of interpretive tradition of Judaic literature. Further analysis is needed to understand Paul's motif for citation Psalm 68:19.
Penggunaan Analisis Kontekstual atau Analisis Konteks Sastra untuk Membangun Doktrin Teologi dalam Surat Galatia Andrew Lucas Tjong; Sri Binar; Priskila Elizabeth Rawung
KAPATA: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Juni
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Bethel Ambon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55798/kapata.v4i1.158

Abstract

This research focuses on a contextual analysis to develop doctrine within the Epistle to the Galatians as a hermeneutical study. Contextual analysis is employed in order to uncover the theological content found in Galatians and to structure it according to coherent lines of thought. The study applies hermeneutics to the Epistle to the Galatians using contextual analysis, including both the immediate and broader context, to identify the interrelated connections within the text that form the integrity of the letter, thereby allowing theological doctrines to be drawn. Based on the method used, five doctrines are identified: Proper, Christology, Pneumatology, Soteriology, and Ecclesiology. Christology holds the most prominent place in Galatians, primarily because the central issue addressed in the letter concerns “a different gospel” (Gal. 1:6–7).
Studi Masa Bait Suci Kedua: Analisis terhadap Gulungan Perang (1QM, 1Q33, 4Q491–7, 4Q471) Andrew Lucas Tjong; Jonathan Octavianus
KAPATA: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Juni
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Bethel Ambon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55798/kapata.v5i1.156

Abstract

The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the mid-20th century opened up a significant treasure trove for the study of Second Temple Judaism. One of the most striking texts is the War Scroll (1QM) and its associated fragments (1Q33, 4Q491–497, 4Q471), which presents an eschatological narrative of divine warfare between the Sons of Light and the Sons of Darkness. This study aims to comprehensively examine the War Scrolls to understand their content, structure, theological meaning, and historical significance within the Dead Sea Scrolls and their relationship to the biblical text. This qualitative, literature-based study applies a historical-philological approach to analyze the manuscript’s paleography (Herodian Book-Hand), content analysis to dissect the text’s structure, and comparative analysis to compare the theology of the scrolls. The analysis shows that the War Scrolls are complex, multi-genre documents that combine military regulations, tactical strategies, and liturgical rhetoric. Paleographically, this manuscript belongs to the Herodian Book-Hand of the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD. This text represents an ideological synthesis of the Community Rules and the Damascus Document, reflecting the life principles of the Qumran community into a strategy for physical and spiritual warfare in the end times. Furthermore, this text adapts the Old Testament tradition of holy war (such as the prophecies of Daniel and Ezekiel) and shares apocalyptic patterns with the New Testament (Book of Revelation and Pauline Epistles) although it differs in its messianic exclusivity. The War Scroll represents the dramatic culmination of the theological system of the Qumran community, depicting their active role as instruments of future divine judgment. This study contributes significantly to providing a historical framework for the development of Second Temple Period biblical theology. 
Co-Authors Binar, Sri Felicia Fanaya , Kezia Jonathan Octavianus Prasetyo , Widi Priskila Elizabeth Rawung Saputra, Gilbeth Pramana Saputra, Yosua Dwi Setyawan, Boris Bambang Rahadi Wicaksono, Yohanes Bambang Cahyo Zalukhu, Eman