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All Journal MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia
Fitriasari, Elsye
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Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Risk Factors for Decompression Sickness Fitriasari, Elsye; Sri Dewi Untari, Ni Komang; Annisa Fitra, Nasywa
Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jmi.v3i2.1095

Abstract

Over the past few decades, self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) diving has gained popularity globally. Efforts to explore new trails underwater have rapidly expanded recreational, technical, professional, and military diving opportunities. Decompression sickness (DCS) is an essential and complex health problem among divers, stemming from changes in environmental pressure during and after underwater travel. Understanding the various risk factors associated with DCS is critical in implementing safe diving practices. Medical professionals, regardless of specialization, need to be aware of the adverse effects of changes in exposure to environmental stresses on the human body. Decompression sickness (DCS) can occur quickly, immediately, or very mildly and is delayed. Divers with DCS can arrive late, far from the dive site, due to their varied presentation, slow start, and air travel after diving. Medical personnel must consider the previous days' activities and be aware of diving problems and disorders to take advantage of the opportunity to diagnose and treat such patients appropriately. Individual and environmental risk factors play a role in increasing the incidence of DCS in divers, including obesity, smoking, alcohol, anxiety disorders, comorbidities, previous injuries, cold water, duration, and depth of diving. A comprehensive understanding of these multifaceted risk elements is essential for divers and medical professionals. Armed with this knowledge, they can better assess potential risks, adopt proactive precautions, and ensure diver safety, ultimately reducing severe DCS incidents.
Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan bell's palsy Fitriasari, Elsye; Sri Dewi Untari, Ni Komang
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 3 No. 5 (2023): Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

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Abstract

Bell’s palsy (BP) adalah penyebab paling sering dari kelumpuhan wajah unilateral dan penyebab paling umum dari kelumpuhan wajah di seluruh dunia. Bell’s palsy adalah kelumpuhan nervus fasialis perifer, terjadi secara akut. Sir Charles Bell (1821) adalah orang yang pertama meneliti beberapa penderita dengan wajah asimetrik, sejak itu semua kelumpuhan nervus fasialis perifer yang tidak diketahui sebabnya disebut Bell's palsy. Prevalensi Bell’s Palsy di dunia cukup tinggi. Sementara di Indonesia, data prevalensi mengenai kasus Bell’s Palsy sulit untuk ditentukan. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah penelitian mengenai prevalensi Bell’s Palsy yang masih sedikit dilakukan di Indonesia. Diagnosis Bell’s palsy dibuat dengan menyingkirkan penyebab lain dari kelumpuhan wajah unilateral, dan 30% sampai 60% kasus kelumpuhan wajah disebabkan oleh kelainan yang mendasari yang menyerupai Bell’s palsy, termasuk lesi sistem saraf pusat (misalnya, stroke, penyakit demielinasi), tumor kelenjar parotis, penyakit Lyme, sindrom Ramsay Hunt, penyakit granulomatosa, otitis media, kolesteatoma, diabetes, trauma, dan sindrom Guillain-Barré. Diagnosis Bell’s palsy dapat ditegakkan dengan melakukan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisis. Faktor risiko bells palsy seperti preeklamsi, diabetes militus, suhu ataupun cuaca dan lain lain.
PARKINSON’S DISEASE DEMENTIA: A COMPREHENSIVE CASE REPORT Fitriasari, Elsye; Laksmidewi, Anak Agung Ayu Putri; Widyastuti, Ketut; Mahadewi, Ni Putu Ayu Putri
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.012.01.18

Abstract

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting 1–2% of individuals over 60 years old. Beyond motor symptoms, PD is often associated with dementia, especially with advancing age and disease duration. The risk of Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD) increases markedly in older patients, reaching up to 80–90% by age 90. Key risk factors include age, severity of parkinsonism, male gender, psychiatric symptoms, and mild cognitive impairment. PDD differs from Alzheimer’s disease, with more prominent deficits in attention, executive function, and visuospatial skills. Its pathogenesis involves dopaminergic neuronal loss, α-synuclein deposition, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Case Report: A 70-year-old man with a five-year history of worsening hand tremors, gait disturbance, and bradykinesia presented with additional cognitive decline, including forgetfulness and difficulty managing daily tasks. He had a known diagnosis of PD, hypertension, and hearing impairment. Physical exam showed classic PD features, and brain MRI revealed cortical atrophy and an absent swallow tail sign. He was diagnosed with PDD, Hoehn and Yahr stage 3, and treated with pharmacologic therapy and rehabilitation. Discussion: The diagnosis of PDD in this patient was based on the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) criteria, which require pre-existing PD, gradual onset of dementia, and significant cognitive decline affecting daily function, without other identifiable causes. Cognitive testing and MRI findings supported the diagnosis. PDD is associated with neurodegeneration involving dopaminergic and other neurotransmitter systems, particularly affecting executive function and memory. Management aims to address both motor and cognitive symptoms, with cholinesterase inhibitors like rivastigmine shown to improve cognitive outcomes. Conclusion: Patients with PD may experience progression to dementia, marked by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Compared to age-matched individuals without PD, those with PD are at a substantially higher risk of developing dementia.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Ayu Putri Laksmidewi Annisa Fitra, Nasywa Mahadewi, Ni Putu Ayu Putri Sri Dewi Untari, Ni Komang Widyastuti, Ketut