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Tarigan, Juliati Br
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Phytochemical Screening, Determination of Total Phenolic Contents and Total Flavonoid Contents of Pod Purified Extract from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Lenny, Sovia; Surbakti, Febriyanti Br; Tarigan, Juliati Br
Journal of Chemical Natural Resources Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Chemical Natural Resources (JCNaR)
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jcnar.v7i1.19838

Abstract

Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. is traditionally used in medicine and is thought to be influenced by the presence of secondary metabolites, especially phenolic compounds and flavonoids. However, identifying the phytochemical compounds of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. plants, especially on the pods, are less discussed. Here, we propose research on the identification of secondary metabolite compounds of pod-purified extract from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. using phytochemical screening and also the determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid content. The extraction of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. pods were processed by maceration and fractionation methods to obtain the purified extract. Total phenolic contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Meanwhile, total flavonoid contents were determined using the AlCl3 method. The result showed that the purified extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. pods contained phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. The total phenolic and total flavonoid content in the pod purified extract were 326.038 mg GAE/g extract and 290.026 mg QE/g extract, respectively.
Synthesis of Ester from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) and Pentaerythritol via Dean-Stark Distillation for Potential Use as Biolubricant Tarigan, Juliati Br; Ginsu, Ebenezer Primsa; Zuhra, Cut Fatimah
Journal of Chemical Natural Resources Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Chemical Natural Resources (JCNaR)
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jcnar.v7i1.20548

Abstract

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is a group of oils or fats that have been used for cooking or frying repeatedly and are no longer suitable for use. Repeated heating of cooking oil will cause the formation of trans fatty acids that trigger coronary heart disease (CHD). This study aims to synthesize esters as biolubricant candidates from WCO. WCO was purified using 0.05% (v/v) of H3PO4 and 2% (w/v) of bleaching earth, then saponified with ethanolic NaOH and hydrolyzed with 25% H₂SO₄. The fatty acids obtained were then esterified with pentaerythritol using a dean-stark distillation apparatus with 2% H2SO4 catalyst and toluene solvent at a temperature of 170-180°C for 6 hours. The results of the acid number analysis showed an ester conversion of 83.08%. Furthermore, the FT-IR spectra showed the presence of C=O (1730 cm⁻¹) and C–O–C (1178 cm⁻¹) groups, indicating the formation of esters. These results indicate that esters from used cooking oil have the potential to be environmentally friendly biolubricants.
Co-Authors Cut Fatimah Zuhra Ginsu, Ebenezer Primsa Sovia Lenny Surbakti, Febriyanti Br