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Kareem, Afkar Fadhil
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A Study Regarding the Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study: Studi Mengenai Anatomi dan Fisiologi Dasar Mata di Kalangan Mahasiswa Keperawatan: Sebuah Studi Cross-Sectional Hamid, Samahir Sabri; Kareem, Afkar Fadhil; Tiryag, Ali Malik; Abdul-Ra’aoof, Husham Hussain
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.127

Abstract

Objective: to determine the correlation between students' demographic information (age, sex, and stage) and their knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the eye. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Nursing at the Bab Al-Zubair Campus in Al-Basrah City. Nursing students are a sample of the study (100), and purposive (non-probability) sampling. The period of the study extended from the 12th of May 2024 to the 10th of February 2025. The questionnaire was constructed by the researchers on reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) for 32 items (0.81) and validity of the questionnaire by 13 experts in the field. Results: The findings of these results indicate that most students (60%) have moderate knowledge about the anatomy and physiology of the eye, and (40%) have good knowledge. Conclusion: The results of the study show that most students only have a moderate knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the eye Highlights: Assess link between demographics and eye anatomy knowledge. Cross-sectional study using questionnaire with 100 nursing students. Most students had moderate understanding of eye anatomy.. Keywords: Nursing, Students, Anatomy, Physiology, Eye
Parental Knowledge and Awareness of Autism Symptoms and Management Strategies Kareem, Afkar Fadhil; Mohammed, Abdulmutalib Abdulla; Ra’aoof, Husham Hussain Abdul; Tiryag, Ali Malik
Academia Open Vol 10 No 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.11508

Abstract

Background: Usually manifesting in early childhood, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts social communication and behavior. Objectives: The present study aims to contribute to raising awareness about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through my research on assessing parents’ knowledge and awareness of its symptoms and management strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 100 parents (both fathers and mothers) of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to assess their knowledge of ASD symptoms, management strategies, and awareness levels. The sample was collected from the My Family Center for Autism in Basrah city. The questionnaire was distributed to the parents and collected approximately one week later. The collected data were then analyzed statistically, yielding the following results. Results: It was found that 80% of the parents had a moderate to good level of knowledge regarding ASD management strategies, while 20% had poor knowledge. For ASD symptoms, 75% showed moderate to good awareness, and 25% had poor understanding. The ratio of correct to incorrect answers per parent was approximately 3:1 for both parts of the questionnaire. Conclusion: Most parents demonstrated acceptable knowledge about ASD management strategies, and also most showed sufficient awareness of its symptoms. However, the remaining parents with lower knowledge levels require targeted educational programs to improve their understanding and support for children with autism spectrum disorder. Highlights: High parental awareness of ASD symptoms and management was observed. 75–80% of parents had moderate to good knowledge levels. Educational programs are needed for parents with low ASD awareness. Keywords: Knowledge, Awareness, Parents, Children, Autism Spectrum Disorder
Co-Authors Abdul-Ra’aoof, Husham Hussain Hamid, Samahir Sabri Mohammed, Abdulmutalib Abdulla Ra’aoof, Husham Hussain Abdul Tiryag, Ali Malik