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Shema and Christian Religious Education in the Family in Deuteronomy 6:4–9: The Bible and the Quest for the Development of Children's Character Bulan, Susanti Embong; George, Annie
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (November 2024)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/moderate.v2i1.14

Abstract

Christian religious education within the family plays a crucial role in shaping the spiritual, moral, and ethical character of children. One of the fundamental principles in Christian family education is the Shema, found in Deuteronomy 6:4–9, which emphasizes loving God with all one’s heart, soul, and strength. The Shema not only provides a foundation for a personal relationship with God but also shapes the moral character of children through the application of biblical principles in everyday life. This study aims to examine how the teachings of Shema can be applied in Christian family education and its impact on the development of children’s character in an increasingly complex social and global context. It also identifies challenges in implementing Shema and offers practical solutions for Christian families to help children face these challenges with faith and biblical values.   Contribution: This study significantly contributes to understanding the application of Shema in Christian religious education within the family. By focusing on how Shema shapes the character of children, this research not only fills a gap in the literature on Christian family education but also provides practical insights for parents on how to integrate biblical principles into daily life. Additionally, it offers guidance for churches and communities to support families in nurturing children who are equipped to face the challenges of the world with faith and Christian values. Furthermore, this study enriches the discourse on how family education can contribute to the formation of a society based on strong character and moral integrity.
Ecclesia Reformata in the Digital Era: Calvin on Worship and the Online Church Putrawan, Bobby Kurnia; George, Annie
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.6 No.2 (October 2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v6i2.300

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic and rapid technological advancement have reshaped how churches conduct worship, pushing many congregations toward online platforms. This shift has raised critical theological questions, especially within the Reformed tradition, regarding the authenticity and integrity of digital worship. John Calvin’s theology of worship, which emphasizes God’s presence, the centrality of Scripture, and the communal nature of the church, provides a valuable framework for evaluating these changes. This article aims to examine how Calvin’s theological principles can be applied to online worship. It seeks to explore whether digital worship can remain theologically coherent within a Reformed framework and how churches can adapt Calvin’s insights for contemporary contexts. Using a theological-literary approach, this study analyzes Calvin’s writings on worship—particularly his views on Scripture, prayer, sacraments, and the gathered community—and compares them with the practices and challenges of online worship. Scholarly perspectives on digital religion are also engaged to assess the ongoing debate. The study finds that while online worship cannot fully replace the richness of physical gatherings—especially in relation to the sacraments—it can still nurture genuine spiritual experiences. If grounded in Scripture, focused on God’s presence, and supported by intentional practices of fellowship, online worship may uphold Reformed theological integrity. However, it requires careful pastoral oversight to avoid doctrinal dilution and to maintain the centrality of Word and prayer.
The Relevance of Ecclesiastical Law in Facing Justice Issues in Indonesia: Justice in Abraham Kuyper's Perspective Eunike, Pratiwi; George, Annie
Indonesian Journal of Religious Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Religious, Vol.8, No.1 (April 2025)
Publisher : LPPM - Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Indonesia Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/ijr.v8i1.49

Abstract

This study explores the role of the church in addressing social justice in Indonesia through the application of ecclesiastical law. Despite Indonesia being based on Pancasila, social inequality remains a significant challenge. The aim of this research is to explore how ecclesiastical law can contribute to resolving social justice issues by incorporating Abraham Kuyper's thoughts on the sovereignty of God. The research employs a qualitative method, including a literature review and theological analysis. It analyzes Kuyper's works, such as Lectures on Calvinism and Our Program, which emphasize that God's sovereignty encompasses all aspects of social, political, and economic life. Additionally, in-depth interviews with church leaders provide practical perspectives on the challenges and opportunities in fulfilling the church's social role. The findings show that the church can make a meaningful contribution to addressing social injustice by integrating Kuyper's views and applying ecclesiastical law. The church holds moral authority in advocating for social justice, even while operating within a secular legal system. This study contributes by demonstrating that the church can have a real impact through fair public policy advocacy and social services based on theological values, with a collaborative strategy focused on concrete actions to create a more just social order.