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Kunarto Kunarto
Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang
Humanities Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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BUDAYA HUKUM PADA PENGEMUDI KENDARAAN BERMOTOR TERHADAP KESELAMATAN LALU LINTAS Siti Mariyam; Kunarto Kunarto; Mig Irianto; Agus Widodo
UNTAG Law Review Vol 9, No 1 (2025): UNTAG LAW REVIEW
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/ulrev.v9i1.5511

Abstract

Keselamatan berlalu lintas merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang berkaitan dengan hak untuk hidup dan merasa aman. Namun, tingginya angka kecelakaan lalu lintas di Indonesia menunjukkan masih rendahnya budaya hukum pengemudi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potret budaya hukum pengemudi kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya terhadap keselamatan lalu lintas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis dan memanfaatkan Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya hukum pengemudi di Indonesia masih rendah, ditandai dengan kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman hukum lalu lintas, sikap yang mengabaikan keselamatan, serta perilaku yang cenderung melanggar aturan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi budaya hukum pengemudi meliputi faktor internal (usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, pemahaman agama, dan pengalaman berkendara) dan faktor eksternal (lingkungan sosial, penegakan hukum, kondisi infrastruktur jalan, dan akses terhadap informasi serta edukasi lalu lintas). Upaya perbaikan budaya hukum pengemudi perlu dilakukan secara komprehensif dan berkelanjutan melalui peningkatan efektivitas penegakan hukum, optimalisasi program edukasi dan sosialisasi, penguatan peran serta masyarakat, pemanfaatan teknologi, serta kerjasama antar stakeholder.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR FIXED-TERM CONTRACT WORKERS FOLLOWING THE ENACTMENT OF THE JOB CREATION LAW Farid Gemilang; Kunarto Kunarto; Kastubi Kastubi
Journal Philosophy of Law Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Journal of Philosophy of Law
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/jpl.v6i2.7382

Abstract

Abstract The fixed-term employment agreement (Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu, PKWT) is one of the most common forms of employment relationship in Indonesia, particularly since the enactment of Law No. 11 of 2020 on Job Creation and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021. This regulatory shift affords employers greater flexibility, yet simultaneously raises considerable challenges for maintaining adequate protection of fixed-term workers. This article examines the implementation of the fixed-term employment agreement following the Job Creation Law, focusing on contract duration, entitlement to compensation, access to social security, and the legal consequences of non-compliance. The study employs a normative legal method combining the statute approach, the conceptual approach, and the historical approach, drawing on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analysed qualitatively. The findings show that although the government has introduced protective instruments such as end-of-contract compensation and the Job Loss Insurance programme, significant protection gaps persist, alongside employment-status uncertainty and weak field-level labour supervision. The role of the Manpower Office in supervising and resolving industrial disputes requires strengthening, together with regulatory refinement, so that fixed-term workers are better protected and more fairly treated. The article concludes that legal certainty for fixed-term workers cannot be achieved through compensation mechanisms alone, but requires a coherent supervisory architecture capable of closing the persistent gap between normative guarantee and workplace practice.
Harmonisation of Notarial Regulation in The Implementation of Cyber Notary to Guarantee Legal Certainty and Protection of the Parties Meli Setianur; Kunarto Kunarto; Krismiyarsi Krismiyarsi; Nurlaili Husna
Journal Philosophy of Law Vol 7, No 2 (2026): Philosophy of Law
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/jpl.v7i2.7393

Abstract

Abstract The rapid advancement of technology has brought significant change across various field of life, including the notarial profession, giving rise to the concept of cyber notary as a form of notarial adaptation to technological progress. This article examines the regulation of cyber notary within Indonesia's notarial legal system, the harmonisation of notarial regulation required to guarantee legal certainty in its implementation, and the mechanism of legal protection for the parties in the making of a cyber-notary-based notarial deed. Employing a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study finds that the regulation of cyber notary within Indonesian notarial law remains partial, unsystematic, and has not provided adequate legal legitimacy, since the Notarial Office Law continues to require the physical presence of the parties as an essential element of authentic-deed making, while Article 5(4) of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law explicitly excludes the notarial deed from the category of electronic document. The article develops the position that harmonisation must be understood not merely as technical regulatory adjustment, but as a process of legal renewal grounded in legal certainty, justice, and legal benefit, requiring a functional reconstruction of the concept of party presence and of the authentic deed itself, supported by comparative practice from jurisdiction that have already developed a more structured remote and electronic notarisation framework.
Co-Authors Agus Widodo Farid Gemilang Kastubi Kastubi Krismiyarsi Krismiyarsi Meli Setianur Mig Irianto Nurlaili Husna Siti Mariyam