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Permisi, Bu! Acquisition of Indonesian Politeness for BIPA Learners Wira Kurniawati
Tabasa: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia, dan Pengajarannya Vol. 7 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/tabasa.v7i01.14493

Abstract

Politeness competence is essential for BIPA (Indonesian for Speakers of Other Languages) learners to communicate effectively within Indonesian sociocultural contexts. This study aims to identify (1) the practices of (im)politeness and the urgency of Indonesian politeness competence for BIPA learners, and (2) strategies for acquiring Indonesian politeness. Employing a qualitative design with naturalistic observation, the study examined learners’ interactions, errors, and politeness development over one semester. Data were collected through naturalistic and participatory observations of learners’ utterances, semi-structured interviews with teachers and learners, and questionnaires distributed to BIPA teachers. After orthographic transcription, data were analyzed by classifying pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic aspects of politeness, alongside examining learner and teacher strategies in politeness acquisition. Findings reveal that occurrences of (im)politeness in learners’ speech demonstrate the importance of mastering this competence. Impoliteness commonly appeared through inappropriate personal pronoun selection, frequent use of informal registers, and excessive reliance on direct speech, resulting in ineffective communication, confusion, and reduced naturalness. Learners generally associated politeness with normative lexical markers, while register choice, the use of local linguistic elements, and indirect speech also influenced politeness meanings. Politeness acquisition was shaped by environmental factors, linguistic input, interaction and socialization, quality of exposure, and cross-cultural awareness. Teachers and peers served as systemic agents by providing explicit and implicit instruction, authentic situational input, active intervention, and cross-cultural reflective guidance through role-playing. These findings contribute to SLA sociopragmatic research and support holistic BIPA curriculum development.   Kompetensi kesantunan merupakan aspek penting yang harus dikuasai pemelajar BIPA agar dapat berkomunikasi secara efektif dalam konteks sosiokultural masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi (1) praktik (ketidak)santunan dan urgensi kompetensi kesantunan bahasa Indonesia bagi pemelajar BIPA, serta (2) strategi pemerolehan kesantunan bahasa Indonesia oleh pemelajar BIPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif dengan observasi naturalistik untuk mengkaji interaksi, kesalahan, dan perkembangan kesantunan pemelajar selama satu semester. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi naturalistik dan partisipatif terhadap tuturan pemelajar, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pengajar dan pemelajar, serta angket yang diberikan kepada pengajar BIPA. Setelah ditranskripsikan secara ortografis, data dianalisis dengan mengklasifikasikan aspek pragmalinguistik dan sosiopragmatik kesantunan, sekaligus menelaah strategi pemerolehan kesantunan yang digunakan pemelajar dan strategi pengajaran yang diterapkan pengajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemunculan (ketidak)santunan dalam tuturan pemelajar menegaskan pentingnya penguasaan kompetensi ini. Ketidaksantunan umumnya tampak pada penggunaan pronomina persona yang kurang tepat, kecenderungan menggunakan ragam informal, dan ketergantungan berlebihan pada tuturan langsung, sehingga menyebabkan komunikasi kurang efektif, menimbulkan kebingungan, dan mengurangi kealamiahan berbahasa. Pemerolehan kesantunan dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan, masukan linguistik, interaksi dan sosialisasi, kualitas paparan, serta kesadaran lintas budaya. Guru dan teman sebaya berperan sebagai agen penting melalui pengajaran eksplisit dan implisit, pemberian masukan autentik, intervensi aktif, serta bimbingan reflektif lintas budaya melalui bermain peran. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada kajian pemerolehan sosiopragmatik bahasa kedua dan mendukung pengembangan kurikulum BIPA yang holistik.
Pelatihan Menulis Esai Destinasi Wisata sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat untuk Mempromosikan Potensi Wisata di Gunung Kidul Cahyaningrum Dewojati; Sugihastuti Sugihastuti; Ramayda Akmal; Wira Kurniawati
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Darma Bakti Teuku Umar Vol 5, No 2 (2023): Juli-Desember
Publisher : Universitas Teuku Umar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35308/baktiku.v5i2.8373

Abstract

This community service activity aims to empower the community to write essays containing the introduction and promotion of tourism potential around Gunungkidul Regency. Gunungkidul is a district in the Special Region of Yogyakarta which has a lot of tourism potential, ranging from nature (such as beaches, caves, lakes, forests, hills, etc.), culture (culinary, performing arts), to historical sites, and so on, which developed by the government and private stakeholders. The target community for this workshop are members of the Pelita Gunungkidul Community whose members are educators who are also writers and literacy activists in Gunungkidul. The number of participants in this activity was 34 people. The method used is the lecture method to provide material, questions and answers, discussions, direct guidance during the writing process, both offline and in bold, and the editing process for participants' writing. The results obtained are an increase in participants' writing skills, mastery of essay material, increased understanding of tourism potential in the Gunungkidul area, and a joint anthology book with ISBN containing travel essays written by workshop participants. The book will then be distributed more widely to the people of Yogyakarta and its surroundings.
Design of BIPA learning based on short story “Basa-Basi” for understanding the phenomenon of chit-chat in Indonesian society Rudi Ekasiswanto; Wira Kurniawati; Nicolas Warouw
BAHASTRA Vol. 44 No. 2 (2024): BAHASTRA
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

Chit-chat is a socio-cultural phenomenon ethnographically embedded in Indonesian society's culture, also discursively presented in literary works, namely the short story "Basa-Basi" by Yohanes Prananto. This research aims to outline a BIPA learning design based on literary works to understand the phenomenon of chit-chat. Methodologically, this research uses the literature study, development, and retrospection. This research finds that literary works can be applied to listening-reading, speaking, writing, and Indonesian insight skills. The short story “Basa-Basi” is presented as reading material for students. It is classified as a simple literary work because the degree of structural complexity is not that high. So, it is considered appropriate for advanced students 1. In speaking skills, students are asked to express their ideas about the substance of the short story in general and specifically about the chit-chat. Through this short story, students receive Indonesian insights and cross-cultural comparisons. After that, students are asked to compare it with equivalent phenomena in their countries of origin. The results of this comparison are applied to narrative writing skills of 300-500 words. The procedure is derived from a pragmatic approach for BIPA teaching, which situates language learning within its context. Through literature-based BIPA learning, with the formulated approach, design, and procedures, this research underlines that the use of literary works enables learners to not only learn the language but also understand the socio-cultural phenomena within the community of the language speakers.
Requesting with an appropriate degree: The request speech act competence of BIPA learners Wira Kurniawati; Silvia Rehulina Ginting
BAHASTRA Vol. 46 No. 1 (2026): BAHASTRA
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

BIPA learners not only need to understand the structure of the Indonesian language they are learning, but also its functional aspects in accordance with the situation and context of use. This study aims to analyze the request speech act competence of BIPA learners from the perspective of second language pragmatic acquisition. Based on a sociopragmatic perspective, utilizing the variables of Distance, Power, and Rank of Imposition proposed by Brown & Levinson, eight speech situations were constructed as instruments for data collection. Through a written discourse completion test, 17 upper-intermediate BIPA learners from Taiwan participated as respondents in this study. The data analysis employed the framework of request speech act realization as summarized by Schauer. The findings indicate that the BIPA learners have developed their pragmatic competence in producing request speech acts, although they still face difficulties in adjusting levels of politeness and situational context. Based on the realization of speech acts in terms of core and peripheral elements, the utterances produced tend to be overly long and excessively polite. This tendency is influenced by instructional emphasis on formal language, as well as differences in the pronominal system between Indonesian and Mandarin as their first language. The challenges identified are related to developing pragmatic competence, the influence of first-language cultural norms, and limited experience with real-life contexts. Thus, these upper-intermediate BIPA learners are at a transitional stage and are not yet fully flexible in adapting to contextual demands. The implications of this study highlight the importance of context-based BIPA instruction and the need for more explicit integration of pragmatic aspects in second language learning.