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All Journal Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies
Fazli, Qalbin Salim
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies

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Influence of Elevational and Environmental Factors on Parasitic Nematode Distribution in Arabica Coffee in the Gayo Highlands, Indonesia Surna, Muhammad Ipan; Fazli, Qalbin Salim; Chamzurni, Tjut; Susanna, Susanna; Idroes, Ghazi Mauer
Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ljes.v3i2.293

Abstract

Highland agricultural landscapes are sensitive to environmental variation, particularly in regions like the Gayo Highlands of Aceh, Indonesia, where Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a major crop. While parasitic nematodes are known to affect crop health and soil ecosystems, little is known about how their abundance and distribution vary with elevation in tropical coffee systems. The Gayo Highlands, despite their significant contribution to national coffee production, have been understudied in terms of soil biodiversity and nematode-related threats. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed the composition and abundance of parasitic nematodes in coffee plantations across three elevation zones: 800–1000 m, 1001–1200 m, and 1201–1400 m above sea level. We collected soil and root samples from symptomatic coffee plants, extracted nematodes using the Baermann funnel method, and identified them to the genus level. The study found three genera: Pratylenchus, Meloidogyne, and Rotylenchus. Pratylenchus was the most abundant, particularly at 800–1,000 m (34 individuals/10 ml), while the highest total nematode abundance occurred at 1,001–1,200 m (7.2 ± 1.44 individuals/10 ml). Statistical analysis showed significant differences in nematode abundance between elevation zones. These results indicate that elevation influences nematode populations, likely through environmental factors such as temperature, soil moisture, and pH. Understanding these patterns is important for developing site-specific strategies for pest management and maintaining soil health in highland coffee systems.
Environmental Influence of Altitude on Coffee Leaf Rust Severity in Arabica Coffee of Aceh Tengah, Indonesia Arkadinata, Teguh; Fazli, Qalbin Salim; Alfizar, Alfizar; Hakim, Lukman; Idroes, Ghazi Mauer
Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ljes.v3i2.344

Abstract

Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by Hemileia vastatrix, remains one of the most damaging diseases affecting Arabica coffee worldwide. Understanding how environmental gradients influence CLR development is critical for sustainable management in tropical highland systems. This study examined the influence of altitude on CLR incidence and severity across five elevation ranges (800–1800 masl) in Arabica coffee plantations of Aceh Tengah, Indonesia. Field assessments were conducted on 25 farms using a standardized sampling layout and severity scoring scale. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that altitude had no significant effect on disease incidence (F = 0.14 < F0.05 = 3.01), which remained uniformly high across all sites (>75%), but significantly affected disease severity (F = 3.34 > F0.05 = 3.01). The highest mean severity (51.88%) occurred at 1600–1800 masl, differing significantly from lower elevations. These findings suggest that while CLR infection frequency is widespread, environmental conditions at higher altitudes favor greater lesion expansion and disease development. The results highlight the importance of considering local microclimatic variability in disease risk assessment and adaptive management. Further studies integrating microclimatic and agronomic measurements are needed to strengthen causal understanding and support environmentally based strategies for sustainable Arabica coffee production.
Co-Authors Alfizar Alfizar Almuchty, Muhammad Akbar Arkadinata, Teguh Delya, Mussa Isaack Delya, Mussa Issack Ghazi Mauer Idroes Hafizah, Iffah Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig Iin Shabrina Hilal Irsan Hardi Kihwili, Erick Hironimus Lukman Hakim Sugeng Santoso Surna, Muhammad Ipan Susanna Susanna Tjut Chamzurni Wiranatakusuma, Dimas Bagus