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All Journal INVENTION: Journal Research and Education Studies AR-RUMMAN: Journal of Education and Learning Evaluation
Gultom, Febry Yeni
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Literature Study: Cortisol Hormone to DHEA-S Ratio as an Indicator of HPA Axis Activity in Chronic Stress and Insulin Resistance Sinaga, Odor Debora Pita Uli; Gultom, Febry Yeni; Sihite, Judika Adventist Maleakhi; Solin, Naomi Putri Chelsea; Silitonga, Melva
AR-RUMMAN: Journal of Education and Learning Evaluation Vol 2, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/arrumman.v2i1.6010

Abstract

Chronic stress can disrupt the regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, causing dysregulation of cortisol secretion and an imbalance in the ratio of cortisol to dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), which is implicated in the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Cortisol, as an insulin antagonist, increases hepatic glucose production and reduces peripheral glucose uptake, while DHEA-S has a protective effect on glucose metabolism. This literature review aims to evaluate the evidence related to the role of the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio as a potential biomarker in the relationship between chronic stress and insulin resistance. The method used is a critical synthesis of previous studies on the mechanism of the HPA axis, the impact of stress on glucose metabolism, and the clinical significance of the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio. The results of the analysis indicate that an imbalance in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio due to chronic stress contributes to impaired insulin sensitivity, reinforcing the importance of this biomarker approach in the management of T2DM risk. This study highlights the need for further research to validate the use of the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio as a predictive tool and therapeutic intervention.
Literature Study: Cortisol Hormone to DHEA-S Ratio as an Indicator of HPA Axis Activity in Chronic Stress and Insulin Resistance Sinaga, Odor Debora Pita Uli; Gultom, Febry Yeni; Sihite, Judika Adventist Maleakhi; Solin, Naomi Putri Chelsea; Silitonga, Melva
AR-RUMMAN: Journal of Education and Learning Evaluation Vol 2, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/arrumman.v2i1.6010

Abstract

Chronic stress can disrupt the regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, causing dysregulation of cortisol secretion and an imbalance in the ratio of cortisol to dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), which is implicated in the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Cortisol, as an insulin antagonist, increases hepatic glucose production and reduces peripheral glucose uptake, while DHEA-S has a protective effect on glucose metabolism. This literature review aims to evaluate the evidence related to the role of the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio as a potential biomarker in the relationship between chronic stress and insulin resistance. The method used is a critical synthesis of previous studies on the mechanism of the HPA axis, the impact of stress on glucose metabolism, and the clinical significance of the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio. The results of the analysis indicate that an imbalance in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio due to chronic stress contributes to impaired insulin sensitivity, reinforcing the importance of this biomarker approach in the management of T2DM risk. This study highlights the need for further research to validate the use of the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio as a predictive tool and therapeutic intervention.
Efektivitas Pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa SMP : Studi Literatur Sistematis Gultom, Febry Yeni; Solin, Naomi Putri C.; Simanjuntak, Mariati P.
Invention: Journal Research and Education Studies Volume 6 Nomor 3 November 2025 | IN PRESS
Publisher : CV. PUSDIKRA MITRA JAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51178/invention.v6i3.2926

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa SMP melalui studi literatur sistematis. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis tematik terhadap 20 jurnal ilmiah terindeks SINTA dan Scopus terbitan 2020–2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa CTL secara konsisten berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar kognitif IPA, terutama ketika materi dikaitkan dengan konteks kehidupan nyata siswa, seperti pencemaran lingkungan, sistem peredaran darah, dan tumbuhan paku. Pendekatan ini juga mendorong keaktifan, minat belajar, serta pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan karakter (disiplin, kerja keras). Namun, implementasinya menghadapi tantangan, antara lain keterbatasan sarana prasarana (proyektor rusak, media kurang) dan keragaman karakteristik siswa (lambat berpikir, kurang inisiatif). Rekomendasi mencakup penguatan pelatihan guru, pengembangan LKPD kontekstual berbasis etnosains, serta penerapan penilaian autentik. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa CTL merupakan pendekatan yang efektif dan relevan untuk pembelajaran IPA di SMP, asalkan didukung oleh kesiapan guru, ketersediaan media, dan diferensiasi strategi sesuai kebutuhan siswa.
Co-Authors Melva Silitonga Sihite, Judika Adventist Maleakhi Simanjutak, Mariati Purnama Sinaga, Odor Debora Pita Uli Solin, Naomi Putri C. Solin, Naomi Putri Chelsea