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Proton Beam Therapy in Pediatrics : A Review Nuramalia, Putri Pradita; El Jannah, Syarifah Miftahul
SANITAS: Jurnal Teknologi dan Seni Kesehatan Vol 15 No 2 (2024): SANITAS Volume 15 Nomor 2 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jakarta II

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36525/sanitas.2024.538

Abstract

Pediatric cancer, including leukemia and brain tumors, is increasingly diagnosed, with about 400,000 cases annually. Conventional radiation therapy, while effective, can lead to long-term side effects, including secondary cancers. This review paper aims at discussing what proton beam therapy (PBT) has to offer for children suffering from cancer looking at its advantages and disadvantages. Literature on PBT and conventional radiotherapy was reviewed to compare treatment efficacy and side effects. PBT allows precise tumor targeting while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue, resulting in fewer long-term effects. Studies show higher conformity indexes for PBT, reducing risks of growth disorders and cognitive impairment. Proton beam therapy shows significant promise for improving pediatric cancer treatment outcomes and quality of life. However, high costs and limited long-term data hinder its broader adoption, necessitating further research to optimize its use.
Optimization Strategies in Non-Contrast Head CT Examinations for Patients Based on The Role of Radiographers and Clinical Protocols: A Literature Review Nuramalia, Putri Pradita; Irsal, Muhammad; Sutoro, Shinta Gunawati; Supriyaningsih, Eny; Rizqi, Muhammad; Hartati, Sri
Ahmar Metastasis Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Ahmar Metastasis Health Journal
Publisher : Yayasan Ahmad Mansyur Nasirah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/amhj.v5i3.738

Abstract

Non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) examinations are associated with a potential risk of unnecessary radiation exposure when optimization principles are not consistently applied in clinical practice. Radiographers play a pivotal role in implementing appropriate clinical protocols to ensure patient radiation safety without compromising diagnostic image quality. This study aimed to review optimization strategies for non-contrast head CT examinations with a particular focus on the role of radiographers and clinical protocols. Literature review was conducted using articles retrieved from the PubMed database published between 2020-2025. The selected studies were analyzed descriptively by examining study characteristics, optimization approaches, and their implications for clinical radiography practice of non-contrast head CT examination. The results indicate that optimization of non-contrast head CT can be achieved through appropriate adjustment of technical parameters by radiographers, application of iterative reconstruction techniques, minimization of patient positioning errors in anteroposterior, posteroanterior, and lateral orientations, use of eye shielding combined with tube current modulation (TCM), and implementation of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) based on clinical indications. In addition, regular radiographer training contributes to the consistent application of optimization strategies. In conclusion, effective optimization of non-contrast head CT examinations requires an integrated approach that combines radiographer competency and evidence-based clinical protocols to minimize patient radiation exposure while maintaining diagnostic image quality.