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All Journal JITEK (Jurnal Ilmiah Teknosains) Journal of Community Based Environmental Engineering and Management
Astuti, Nila
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Engineering Environmental Science Mechanical Engineering Public Health Veterinary Other

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POTENSI SPIRULINA (ARTHOSPIRA PLATENSIS) DALAM PEMBUATAN CLAY MASK UNTUK PERAWATAN KULIT ALAMI Jumrodah, Jumrodah; Astuti, Nila; Anisa, Nor; Fitriani, Tilka; Alia, Rahmah
(JITEK)Jurnal Ilmiah Teknosains Vol 11, No 1/Mei (2025): Jitek
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/jitek.v11i1/Mei.21779

Abstract

Natural clay mask is a safe and effective alternative for skin care. This study aims to develop a clay mask based on Spirulina, enriched with sali-cylic acid, Centella asiatica, and clay, for natural skin care innovation. Three formulations were tested with different composition variations: (1) salicylic acid 0.50 g, Centella asiatica 5 mL, clay 10 mL; (2) salicylic acid 0.20 g, Centella asiatica 2.5 mL, clay 20 mL; and (3) salicylic acid 0.20 g, Centella asiatica 2.5 mL, clay 10 mL. The results showed that all formulations were physically stable with a pH suitable for the skin. Hedonic tests were conducted on 20 student respondents to evaluate preferences for the formulations. Respondents gave assessments based on as-pects of texture, aroma, color, and comfort of use. Formulation C1 is effective for acne-prone skin, C2 excels in spreadability for oily skin, and C3 provides a balance between cleansing and moisturizing. The combination of nutrient-rich Spirulina sp., clay, salicylic acid, and Centella asiatica produces a product that not only cleanses deeply, but also provides nutrition and prevents hydration to the skin. This product is safe, environmen-tally friendly, and has great potential to be developed in the cosmetic industry as a natural skin care.
PM2.5 and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Ambient Air of a Steel Industrial Zone: Influence of Meteorological Factors in Cilegon, Indonesia Prinajati, Purnomosutji Dyah; Handayani, Lidia; Astuti, Nila
Journal of Community Based Environmental Engineering and Management Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering - Universitas Pasundan - Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jcbeem.v9i2.29461

Abstract

This study was to examine the concentrations of PM2.5 and associated heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Zn, and Cd) in the ambient air of a steel industrial zone in Cilegon, Indonesia. Cilegon is recognized as a major industrial hub; however, comprehensive assessments of PM2.5 pollution in such heavy industry contexts remain limited. Air samples were collected from four strategic locations surrounding PT Krakatau Steel using a Sequential PM Sampler, and meteorological data were simultaneously recorded. Gravimetric analysis was applied to determine PM2.5 mass, while heavy metals were quantified via Inductively Coupled Plasma–Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results of the study indicate that the concentrations of PM2.5 and related heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Zn, and Cd) in the ambient air of steel industry areas often exceed the WHO guideline (25 µg/m³) and, in some instances, approached or surpassed the Indonesian national standard (65 µg/m³), with higher values typically observed during periods of active industrial operations. Among the metals analyzed, iron (Fe) was dominant, indicating a strong link to steel processing activities. Spearman's correlation revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between ambient temperature and PM2.5 concentrations, while no significant correlation was found for relative humidity. These findings highlight the health risks associated with prolonged exposure to fine particulate matter and toxic metals, underscoring the urgent need for targeted air quality management and worker protection strategies in industrial zones. The study contributes local-scale evidence for environmental governance and public health policy in rapidly industrializing regions.
Co-Authors Alia, Rahmah Fitriani, Tilka Handayani, Lidia Hery Widijanto Jumrodah Jumrodah, Jumrodah Prinajati, Purnomosutji Dyah