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Perjanjian Kerjasama Pembiayaan Kesehatan Masyarakat sebagai Landasan Sistem Kesehatan Nasional Lenny Lenny; Marice Simarmata
Desentralisasi : Jurnal Hukum, Kebijakan Publik, dan Pemerintahan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Agustus : Desentralisasi : Jurnal Hukum, Kebijakan Publik, dan Pemerintahan
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/desentralisasi.v2i3.952

Abstract

A cooperation agreement is a legal instrument that underlies the regulation of rights, obligations, and responsibilities between the parties involved in a collaboration. In the context of public health financing, this agreement aims to ensure access to adequate health services, especially for disadvantaged groups. Along with the reform of the health sistem in Indonesia in recent years, the government has sought to improve accessibility and quality of services through the transformation of the health financing sistem. The National Health Sistem (SKN) as the main framework is organized to ensure equitable health services. One of the crucial components in the SKN is health financing which is realized through the National Health Insurance (JKN). Legal provisions regarding the form and mechanism of this collaboration have been regulated in Law Number 17 of 2023, specifically Article 4 paragraphs (1) and (2), which emphasize that collaboration between BPJS and central and regional government institutions is carried out through a written agreement, which can be in the form of a memorandum of understanding, operational cooperation, functional cooperation, or other forms mutually agreed upon.
Small Capital, Big Steps: The Evolution of Micro and Small Industries Under ISIC Amidst Economic Change Ktut Silvanita Mangani; Lenny Lenny
Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): August: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi
Publisher : Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis (ITB) Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54066/jura-itb.v4i3.4202

Abstract

This study examines the resilience and development of Micro and Small Industries (MSIs) in Indonesia between 2019 and 2023, emphasizing their contribution to the national economy during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Using sectoral aggregate data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and classified according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), the study applies descriptive and trend analysis to evaluate changes in business performance. The findings reveal that although the number of MSIs declined during 2020 and 2021 due to the pandemic, the sector demonstrated a strong recovery in 2022 and 2023. The food manufacturing industry (ISIC 10) emerged as the leading contributor, recording substantial growth in both the number of enterprises and total revenue. The analysis also indicates that MSIs continue to rely primarily on internal capital, while the use of external financing has gradually increased to support business expansion. Consumer demand has shifted toward household markets, accompanied by wider adoption of direct-to-consumer strategies and digital marketing platforms, including social media and online marketplaces. Overall, the findings demonstrate the adaptability and resilience of Indonesian MSIs in responding to economic disruptions and evolving market conditions.