Risma Ikawaty
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UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK NIGELLA SATIVA L. TERHADAP BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI SECARA IN VITRO Laura Victoria Christina; Risma Ikawaty; Sajuni
CALYPTRA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Calyptra : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya (Mei)
Publisher : Perpustakaan Universitas Surabaya

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Abstract

Abstract—Infectious diseases remain a significant public health problem. One infectious disease can be caused by Escherichia coli. However, currently there is increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to several antibiotics. This has led to an increase in demand to develop new antibiotics that can overcome the development of resistance. Medicinal plants have enormous potential in the discovery of bioactive compounds that can fight resistant microorganisms. Nigella sativa L. is one such medicinal plant known for its antibacterial properties. The seed extract of Nigella sativa L. was obtained using the maceration method, resulting in four different concentrations: 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. These extracts were tested against Escherichia coli bacteria isolated on Mueller Hinton Agar media using the disk diffusion method. Nigella sativa L. seed extract with aquadest solvent produced average inhibition zone diameters of 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 7mm, while with n-hexane solvent it produced average inhibition zone diameters of 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 8.375mm at concentrations of 12.5%; 25%; 50%; 100%. The antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa L. seed extract was most effective at 100% concentration for both solvents. This study found no significant difference in antibacterial effectiveness between the aquadest and n-hexane solvent extracts of Nigella sativa L. against Escherichia coli. Keywords: nigella sativa L., rscherichia coli, antibacterial Abstrak—Penyakit infeksi masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting. Salah satu penyakit infeksi dapat disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli. Namun, saat ini ada peningkatan resistensi Escherichia coli terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan untuk mengembangkan antibiotik baru yang dapat mengatasi perkembangan resistensi. Tanaman obat memiliki potensi besar dalam penemuan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat melawan mikroorganisme resisten. Nigella sativa L. adalah salah satu tanaman obat yang dikenal memiliki sifat antibakteri. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. diperoleh menggunakan metode maserasi, menghasilkan empat konsentrasi berbeda: 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%. Ekstrak-ekstrak ini diuji terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli yang diisolasi pada media Agar Mueller Hinton menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. dengan pelarut aquadest menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 7mm, sedangkan dengan pelarut n-heksana menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 8,375mm pada konsentrasi 12,5%; 25%; 50%; 100%. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. paling efektif pada konsentrasi 100% untuk kedua pelarut. Penelitian ini menemukan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam efektivitas antibakteri antara ekstrak pelarut aquadest dan n-heksana dari Nigella sativa L. terhadap Escherichia coli. Kata kunci: nigella sativa L., escherichia coli, antibakteri
Uji Efektivitas Antibiotik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus sureus dan Escherichia coli secara In Vitro Sang Ayu Bulan Dirga Pradnyani; Risma Ikawaty; Sajuni Widjaja; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa. 2026.v13.i01.p3

Abstract

Bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and E. coli remain a major global health problem. Irrational antibiotic use has accelerated antimicrobial resistance, prompting the search for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural products. Cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum burmannii) contain various secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro and to determine the most effective extract concentration. This laboratory-based true experimental study employed a post-test only control group design. Cinnamon leaf extract was prepared by maceration using 96% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar at extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Ciprofloxacin served as the positive control, while 96% ethanol was used as the negative control. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity testing (DPPH method) were also performed. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Duncan post-hoc test. Result : Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds, with phenols as the dominant constituents. The extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity based on IC₅₀ values. Antibacterial testing demonstrated that ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract inhibited the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli, with inhibition zones increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. The 75% concentration demonstrated optimal inhibitory activity, with no statistically significant difference compared to the 100% concentration (p > 0.05). Ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) shows promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro, indicating its potential as a natural antibacterial agent.
Uji Efektivitas Antibiotik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus sureus dan Escherichia coli secara In Vitro Sang Ayu Bulan Dirga Pradnyani; Risma Ikawaty; Sajuni Widjaja; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa. 2026.v13.i01.p3

Abstract

Bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and E. coli remain a major global health problem. Irrational antibiotic use has accelerated antimicrobial resistance, prompting the search for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural products. Cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum burmannii) contain various secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro and to determine the most effective extract concentration. This laboratory-based true experimental study employed a post-test only control group design. Cinnamon leaf extract was prepared by maceration using 96% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar at extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Ciprofloxacin served as the positive control, while 96% ethanol was used as the negative control. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity testing (DPPH method) were also performed. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Duncan post-hoc test. Result : Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds, with phenols as the dominant constituents. The extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity based on IC₅₀ values. Antibacterial testing demonstrated that ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract inhibited the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli, with inhibition zones increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. The 75% concentration demonstrated optimal inhibitory activity, with no statistically significant difference compared to the 100% concentration (p > 0.05). Ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) shows promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro, indicating its potential as a natural antibacterial agent.