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Response of Macroeconomic Indicators to External Shocks in Indonesia Febrian, Putri Hana; Wahed, Mohammad
Journal of Business Management and Economic Development Том 3 № 02 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jbmed.v3i02.1617

Abstract

As a developing country with a high level of economic openness, Indonesia is classified as vulnerable to global economic dynamics. This study aims to analyze the response to external shocks, namely the COVID-19 pandemic, the Fed's interest rate increase, and USD/IDR exchange rate fluctuations on Indonesia's macroeconomic indicators, namely Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Consumer Price Index (CPI), as well as evaluate the government's fiscal policy in responding to these pressures during the 2013–2023 period. The research used secondary data for the quarter 2013:Q1 and 2023:Q4, with as many as 44 observations of each variable, using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method. The results of the estimate show that the USD/IDR exchange rate and the Fed's interest rate have a significant long-term relationship with Indonesia's real GDP and CPI. Throughout the research period, the government responded through various fiscal policies such as fuel subsidy adjustments (2013–2014), strengthening infrastructure and tax reform (2015–2019), large stimulus through the PEN program during the pandemic (2020–2022), and returning to fiscal discipline in 2023 with a focus on social protection, human resource development, and industrial downstreaming. These findings underscore the importance of adaptive fiscal policies in mitigating the impact of external shocks on the domestic economy.
Online Transportation Services for Educational Mobility in University Environments Cendani, Zulva Tinesia Suci; Febrian, Putri Hana; Fauzi, Indra Nur; Mirdad, Mohammad Ayub; Haryanto, Albertus Eka Putra
The Journal of Educational Development Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jed.v13i1.832

Abstract

Advances in digital technology have driven the emergence of online transportation services as an alternative mode of transportation for the public. The aim of this study is to provide a solution to public dissatisfaction with the quality of public transportation, particularly in terms of safety and reliability. Students, as part of the university community, also widely utilize these services. This study analyzes user perceptions, safety perceptions, and perceptions related to Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) regarding student satisfaction with online transportation services at Campus B, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia. This study used quantitative methods, analyzing primary data through binary logistic regression. The results indicate that payment systems, travel time, and the availability of disability-friendly services have a significant influence on user satisfaction. Ease of payment systems increases satisfaction because the transaction process is more practical. Short and timely travel times have also been shown to increase student satisfaction. This research contributes to the availability of disability-friendly services, as it has a positive impact by meeting the needs of people with disabilities more inclusively.