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The Impact of Health Law Reforms on Patient Rights and Medical Professional Accountability Worldwide Eryani, Susi; Samosir, Tony Richard Alexander; Sudaryat, Sudaryat
Jurnal Ar Ro'is Mandalika (Armada) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL AR RO'IS MANDALIKA (ARMADA)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian dan Pengembangan Mandalika Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59613/armada.v5i2.4906

Abstract

This study examines the global impact of health law reforms on patient rights and the accountability of medical professionals through a qualitative methodology based on comprehensive library research and literature review. By analyzing legal frameworks, policy changes, and scholarly discussions from diverse international contexts, this research explores how recent reforms have shaped the protection of patient autonomy, informed consent, privacy, and access to quality healthcare. Additionally, the study investigates the evolving mechanisms of medical professional accountability, including regulatory oversight, disciplinary actions, and ethical standards. The literature reveals that health law reforms play a pivotal role in strengthening patient empowerment and ensuring that healthcare providers adhere to heightened standards of professional conduct. While the reforms have led to improved transparency and patient-centered care in many regions, challenges persist related to enforcement disparities, cultural differences, and resource limitations. Moreover, the study highlights the tension between protecting patient rights and supporting medical professionals in clinical decision-making, emphasizing the need for balanced legal frameworks. This qualitative synthesis provides insights into the effectiveness of various reform strategies, underscoring the importance of harmonizing legal provisions with healthcare realities. The findings contribute to policy discourse by identifying best practices and gaps in implementation that influence both patient outcomes and medical accountability. This research offers valuable guidance for lawmakers, healthcare administrators, and advocates aiming to enhance the legal foundations of health systems worldwide. Future research is encouraged to conduct empirical evaluations of reform impacts at national and local levels to deepen understanding of their practical implications.
Analisis Konstitusional terhadap Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Penyediaan Layanan Kesehatan bagi Warga Negara Samosir, Tony Richard Alexander; Gultom, Elisatris
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 5 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i5.7736

Abstract

Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan hak konstitusional warga negara yang wajib dipenuhi oleh negara sebagai bagian dari tanggung jawab dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial. Namun, implementasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) melalui BPJS Kesehatan masih menyisakan berbagai persoalan, khususnya dalam hal kewajiban iuran yang memberatkan kelompok rentan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab konstitusional negara dalam penyediaan layanan kesehatan, serta menelaah implikasi konstitusional dari mekanisme iuran dalam sistem BPJS Kesehatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui studi kepustakaan, dengan mengkaji berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen kebijakan, dan literatur hukum. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa negara belum secara optimal menjalankan kewajiban konstitusionalnya, terutama dalam menjamin akses kesehatan bagi masyarakat miskin, penyandang disabilitas, dan kelompok rentan lainnya. Mekanisme iuran yang rigid menyebabkan hambatan administratif dan berpotensi menimbulkan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Implikasi dari penelitian ini mengarah pada perlunya reformasi menyeluruh terhadap kebijakan BPJS Kesehatan, terutama dalam mekanisme subsidi dan tata kelola birokrasi, agar lebih berpihak kepada keadilan sosial dan prinsip non-diskriminasi. Kajian ini diharapkan menjadi kontribusi penting dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan yang lebih inklusif dan humanis di masa depan.
Clinical Trial of Tuberculosis Vaccine in Indonesia: Balancing Public Health Needs and Legal Protection for Research Subjects Samosir, Tony Richard Alexander; Afriana, Anita; Fakhriah, Efa Laela
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i1.2941

Abstract

Clinical trials are an important instrument in the development of science and technology in the health field that aims to produce safe and effective medical interventions. The implementation of research involving human subjects cannot be carried out without clear guidelines, ethical standards, and legal frameworks. In the Indonesian context, various stages and procedures have been established to ensure that clinical trials, including the Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine clinical trials that have been carried out, run in accordance with legal principles and medical ethics. This study uses a normative juridical method by relying on secondary data through library research. The focus of the analysis is directed at laws and regulations, public policies, and official documents that regulate the management of vaccine clinical trials in Indonesia. The results of the study show that: First, the implementation of TB vaccine clinical trials in Indonesia must be based on the provisions of national health law by upholding the principles of utility, morality, religious values, moral norms and oriental norms, as well as compliance with all relevant laws and regulations. Second, public health interests can be the basis for restricting individual rights in the implementation of clinical trials, as long as there is strong scientific evidence regarding the potential for the rapid and dangerous spread of infectious diseases, so that the action is proportionate and has legal legitimacy.