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All Journal Al-Kimia Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering Jurnal Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Hartanti, Adelia
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Characterization of Biodegradable Avocado Seed Starch Films Reinforced with Chitosan and Plasticized with Glycerol Hartanti, Adelia; Nur Wahyudi, Mohamad; Fahmi Hakim, Muhammad; Rohmaful Aeni, Alfieta; Agustina Sari, Dessy
Al-Kimia Vol 13 No 1 (2025): JUNE
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

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Abstract

Researchers have developed biodegradable bioplastics from renewably sourced natural materials in response to the environmental consequences of synthetic plastics. This study looks at how different amounts of glycerol and chitosan affect the properties of bioplastics made from avocado seed starch. This study evaluated the mechanical, hydrophilic, and degradation properties in terms of tensile strength, elongation at break, thickness, water absorption, and structural stability over time. The results showed that an increase in glycerol content improved flexibility and elongation but impaired tensile strength and water resistance. On the other hand, the increase of chitosan concentration contributes to a significant enhancement of tensile strength, water resistance, and stability. The mixture A3 (1 ml glycerol, 4.5 g chitosan) was thought to have good mechanical stiffness (16.560 ± 3.661 MPa) and water resistance. On the other hand, B1 (2 ml and 2.5 g) had better elasticity (elongation: 32.299 ± 8.910%). Upon performing degradation analysis, B-series samples exhibited a high hydrophilicity, which caused faster breakdown as opposed to A-series samples. Avocado seed starch plasticized by a combination of chitosan and glycerol shows promise as an environmentally friendly plastic, and this study shows a way toward fine-tuning both mechanical and hydrophilic properties to produce biodegradable bioplastics
Bioplastics from Avocado Seed Starch : Effects of Chitosan and PVA on Mechanical Properties, Water Resistance, and Biodegradability Wahyudi, Mohamad Nur; Hartanti, Adelia; Sari, Dessy Agustina; Hakim, Muhammad Fahmi; Aeni, Alfieta Rohmaful
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v10i1.1641

Abstract

A sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics, bioplastics produced from avocado seed starch can help alleviate some of the environmental challenges presented by plastic waste. However, these products still need to improve their mechanical properties and water resistance for industrial use. The purpose of this study is to find out how changes in the amounts of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) affect the mechanical strength, water resistance, and biodegradability of bioplastics made from avocado seed starch. The solution-casting method prepared starch-based bioplastics using chitosan (2.5–4.5 g), PVA (2.5–5%) as filler, and glycerol as a plasticizer. This study found that adding more chitosan increased the tensile strength, reaching a maximum value of 30.696±0.106 N/mm2 in the SNI 7188.7:2016, which was higher than the tensile strength value of the N3 sample. The samples N1 and M1 demonstrated the highest elongation at break of 35.700±4.776% and the lowest water uptake of 5.167%, indicating a 94.833% water resistance. The plastics underwent complete biodegradation under soil conditions after 60 days. This led to valuable results, confirming that avocado seed starch-based bioplastics, as engineering materials for food packaging, have enormous potential for application in the industry. This research needs to increase the water resistance or scale it up for industrial production
Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Kewajiban Kapal Asing Dalam Melaksanakan Hak Lintas Damai Di Laut Teritorial Indonesia Hartanti, Adelia; Az-zahra, Aliya; Trisya, Dinda
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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This study examines the obligations of foreign vessels in exercising the right of innocent passage in Indonesian territorial waters, emphasizing the relationship between international and national law. Issues raised include the limitations of foreign vessels' obligations and how Indonesia enforces these regulations without neglecting the principle of freedom of navigation. This study uses a combined approach: normative juridical through a review of UNCLOS 1982 and various national regulations, and an empirical approach through an analysis of law enforcement practices in the field. The study results indicate that foreign vessels are required to sail continuously, refrain from activities that could disrupt security and order, and comply with provisions regarding shipping lanes, environmental protection, and international safety standards. Furthermore, vessels must avoid illegal activities such as unauthorized fishing, research without approval, and actions that have the potential to pollute the sea. In terms of law enforcement, Indonesia involves various institutions such as the Indonesian Navy and Bakamla (Law and Security Agency) to conduct supervision and enforcement, despite jurisdictional limitations stipulated by international law. The findings of this study indicate that although the regulatory framework is quite comprehensive, there are still obstacles in implementation and coordination between institutions. Therefore, strengthening the oversight system and harmonizing regulations is necessary to ensure that the implementation of foreign vessels' obligations is more effective and consistent.
Co-Authors Alfieta Rohmaful Aeni Az-zahra, Aliya Dessy Agustina Sari Fahmi Hakim, Muhammad Hakim, Muhammad Fahmi Nur Wahyudi, Mohamad Trisya, Dinda Wahyudi, Mohamad Nur