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Strengthening Critical Thinking Skills of Prospective Teacher Students through Inquiry Learning in Science Learning: An Explanatory Mixed Methods Study Ali, Aisyah; Bektiarso, Singgih; Walukow, Auldry Fransje; Narulita, Erlia; Kadir, Akhmad
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i6.11232

Abstract

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) integrated with the local culture of Hem Re Yegokhe in improving the critical thinking skills of elementary school teacher candidates in a multicultural area. Using an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, this study began with a quantitative pretest–posttest measurement using an instrument based on the five dimensions of the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST), and continued with qualitative exploration through interviews and observations. A total of 173 students were divided into experimental and control groups. The results showed that the integration of the IBL approach and local cultural practices significantly improved critical thinking skills, especially in the dimensions of interpretation, analysis, and inference. The dimensions of evaluation and explanation experienced a more moderate increase, which was associated with the limited time of the intervention. Thematic analysis supported the quantitative findings and emphasized the role of cultural context in encouraging deep reflection and contextual awareness. The findings also revealed a gap in achievement between students from 3T and non-3T areas, indicating the need for scaffolding strategies and strengthening intercultural competence and social empathy. This study provides an empirical contribution to the development of a locally relevant and socially inclusive cultural-based pedagogical model. Implications include strengthening teacher education curricula, lecturer training, and policies that support the integration of local knowledge as a learning resource. Further research is recommended to be conducted longitudinally, develop culturally based assessment instruments, and explore other cultural practices as learning contexts.
Validated Culturally Responsive Science Assessment Using Integrated Content and Construct Analysis Ali, Aisyah; Bektiarso, Singgih; Walukow, Auldry Fransje; Narulita, Erlia; Kadir, Akhmad
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12776

Abstract

(General Background) The alignment of science assessment with students’ socio-cultural contexts is essential to ensure fairness and meaningful measurement of learning outcomes. (Specific Background) However, most contextualized assessments in science education emphasize content validity without empirically confirming their construct structure, limiting their interpretive strength. (Knowledge Gap) There remains a lack of studies that integrate content, empirical, and construct validity evidence in culturally responsive instruments, particularly those designed in parallel pre–post forms. (Aims) This study aimed to develop and validate an ethnoscience-based pre–post instrument by linking Aiken’s Content Validity Ratio (CVR, 4-point scale) with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA, CR/AVE). (Results) Findings from five expert reviews showed 22 of 40 items exceeded the conservative threshold (Aiken’s V ≥ 0.80; CVR = 1.00). Field trials (N = 50) demonstrated moderate difficulty and positive discrimination, while CFA confirmed a three-factor structure with good fit (χ² = 34.203, df = 24, p = 0.083; CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.92; RMSEA = 0.065). Composite reliability ranged from 0.718–0.797, and AVE was adequate for two factors (0.506; 0.568) and marginal for one (0.459). (Novelty) The study presents a transparent “content–empirical–construct” decision trail rarely reported in ethnoscience assessment. (Implications) This integrative validation framework demonstrates that cultural responsiveness and psychometric rigor can coexist, guiding fair and contextual science learning evaluations. Highlights: Integrates Aiken–CVR and CFA for comprehensive validity evidence. Confirms three-factor model with strong reliability and moderate AVE. Demonstrates synergy between cultural relevance and measurement rigor. Keywords: Content Validity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Ethnoscience, Culturally Responsive Assessment, Psychometric Validation
Development and Validation of the Affiliation–Interpersonal Skills Questionnaire (AIS-Q) for Culturally Responsive Science Learning in Pre-Service Elementary Teachers Ali, Aisyah; Bektiarso, Singgih; Walukow, Auldry Fransje; Narulita, Erlia; Kadir, Akhmad
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i12.13064

Abstract

This study addresses the need for culturally responsive science learning in elementary teacher education by developing and empirically examining Affiliation–Interpersonal Skills (AKI), comprising affiliation motivation and interpersonal skills, within an ethnoscience learning context. Using a cross-sectional design, the study involved 50 prospective elementary teachers from a public university in Papua, Indonesia, most of whom were from disadvantaged, frontier, and outermost areas. Content validity was evaluated by five experts using the Content Validity Index, while item performance and internal consistency were examined through descriptive statistics, corrected item–total correlations, and reliability analysis. The results showed that the AKI instrument demonstrated strong content validity (most items I-CVI ≥ 0.78; S-CVI/Ave ≥ 0.90) and satisfactory reliability (subscale and total coefficients ≥ 0.70). Empirically, participants exhibited generally moderate to high affiliation motivation, reflecting a strong tendency toward collaboration and social connectedness, while interpersonal skills varied across individuals, particularly in empathic communication and conflict management. Based on these patterns, three AKI profiles were identified, indicating differentiated training needs in ethnoscience-based science learning. These findings suggest that AKI is a measurable and meaningful construct for mapping prospective teachers’ social–interpersonal readiness and for informing targeted interventions to strengthen culturally responsive science instruction.