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All Journal Medical and Health Science Journal Current Biomedicine
Fadhillah, Risti Sifa'
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Role of PTEN gene in genetic alterations in endometrioid carcinoma Fadhillah, Risti Sifa'
Current Biomedicine Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.3.2.76

Abstract

Endometrioid (type I endometrial) carcinoma is the most prevalent form of endometrial cancer and is strongly associated with genetic alterations, particularly involving phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene. PTEN protein is a crucial component of the protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt signaling pathway, which plays a significant role in regulating cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis. The loss or mutation of PTEN can disrupt this pathway, contributing to uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer progression. Recent studies indicate that PTEN genetic alterations are not limited to mutations or loss of expression but also involve complex variations such as gene deletions, structural changes, and diverse regulatory disruptions. Genetic alterations involving PTEN are frequently observed in endometrioid-type endometrial carcinomas, particularly in tumors that develop from premalignant lesions. These alterations, whether mutations, deletions, or reduced expression, significantly disrupt the regulation of cell growth and key signaling pathways, thereby driving tumor initiation and progression. By providing a more integrated understanding of the multifaceted genetic changes in PTEN, this review highlights emerging opportunities for early detection, refined risk stratification, and the advancement of gene-targeted therapeutic strategies specifically for the endometrioid subtype of endometrial cancer.
Infodemiology of Anthrax in Indonesia: Insights from Google Trends (2014–2024) Fadhillah, Risti Sifa'; Utami, Putri; Sarkowi, Widya Khairunnisa; Iryawati, Dinda
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v9i2.8008

Abstract

Background: Anthrax remains a persistent zoonotic disease in Indonesia, with recurrent outbreaks reported in endemic provinces such as Yogyakarta, Gorontalo, Central Java, and East Nusa Tenggara. Outbreak control is further challenged by the circulation of misinformation, which shapes community perceptions and undermines prevention efforts. Digital epidemiology offers opportunities to complement conventional surveillance by capturing public information-seeking behavior, yet its application in anthrax research in Indonesia remains limited. Methods: This study analyzed temporal and spatial dynamics of public interest in anthrax using Google Trends data from January 2014 to December 2024. Two search terms, antraks (Indonesian) and anthrax (English), were examined to assess monthly patterns, regional distribution, and related search queries. Descriptive analyses were performed to identify peaks of interest, geographic differences, and themes of related and rising queries. Results: Overall search activity was low and stable throughout the 11 years, with distinct peaks corresponding to outbreaks, most notably in July 2023 during the Yogyakarta outbreak. Regional analysis revealed Yogyakarta and Gorontalo as the dominant provinces of search activity. Linguistic patterns showed that antraks was more widely used in western Indonesia, while anthrax was relatively more frequent in eastern provinces. Related queries reflected demand for basic knowledge of symptoms, transmission, and prevention, while rising queries aligned with outbreak-related events. Conclusion: Online search patterns mirror epidemiological risk, cultural context, and digital access. Infodemiology provides timely insights that may enhance outbreak preparedness and risk communication. Integrating digital surveillance with conventional monitoring can support more effective and locally relevant health education strategies for anthrax control in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Dinda Iryawati Putri Utami, Putri Sarkowi, Widya Khairunnisa