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All Journal Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Teras Fisika : Teori, Modeling, dan Aplikasi Fisika
Husna, Siti Sarah
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Computer Science & IT Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Kajian struktur morfologi, gugus fungsi, dan sifat adsorpsi dari karbon aktif kulit singkong (manihot esculenta crantz) wati, Rahma; Husna, Siti Sarah; Sari, Nirmala; Anisa, Fera
Jurnal Teras Fisika: Teori, Modeling, dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Teras Fisika: Teori, Modeling, dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jtf.2025.8.1.15065

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of carbonization temperature on the morphological characteristics, porosity, and adsorption of activated carbon derived from cassava peel (Manihot utilissima). The ash content, in the charcoal indicating the presence of metal oxides, decreased with increasing carbonization temperature, at lower temperatures 42.59% and 13.64% at higher temperatures. However, at 300 °C, an abnormal increase in ash content was observed. The volatile matter content, which represents the presence of non-carbon substances that affect the adsorption efficiency, increased with temperature, ranging from 57.40% to 86.36%. Morphological analysis revealed that higher carbonization temperatures increased pore formation due to the decomposition of organic compounds. Functional group analysis confirmed the presence of O-H, C=C, C-H, and C-O bonds, indicating lignocellulosic and hemicellulose components. Adsorption studies at a wavelength of 665 nm showed that excessive heating can cause structural degradation, thereby reducing the adsorption efficiency. However, increasing the carbonization temperature generally increases the pore development and surface area, thus increasing the adsorption capacity. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing carbonization conditions to improve the performance of cassava peel-based activated carbon for adsorption applications
Pengaruh Waktu Radiasi Gelombang Mikro Terhadap Karakteristik Pori Karbon Aktif Kulit Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Rahmawati; Fajri, Rahmatul; Fadlly, T. Andi; Sari, Nirmala; Annisa, Fera; Husna, Siti Sarah
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.95528

Abstract

Cassava peel waste is a biomass that has not been optimally utilized, even though it has the potential as a raw material for activated carbon. The problems that arise are the low added value of this waste and the need for efficient technology to produce highly porous activated carbon. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in microwave irradiation time on the pore characteristics of cassava peel-based activated carbon. This study uses a quantitative approach with a laboratory experimental design. The research subjects were activated carbon resulting from chemical and microwave activation treatments, with three trial groups, each consisting of one activated carbon sample processed for 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Data collection methods were carried out through characterization using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy instruments. Data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively to observe pore structure development, elemental composition, and optical properties between samples. The results showed that the longer the microwave activation time, the more the porosity and surface structure of the activated carbon developed, with sample AC20 showing the best pore morphology and the highest absorption value. The conclusion of this study indicates that a combination of chemical and microwave-based activation is effective in producing highly porous activated carbon from cassava peels. This research implies that cassava peel waste can be an alternative solution in developing environmentally friendly adsorbent materials for pollutant remediation applications in aquatic environments.
Co-Authors Anisa, Fera Fadlly, T. Andi Fajri, Rahmatul Fera, Annisa Nirmala Sari Rahma Wati Rahmawati