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Implementasi Hukum Jaminan dalam Akad Rahn Tasjliy di PT. Pegadaian Syariah: Analisis Ketidakwajiban APHT Rohman, Muhammad Taufiqur; Rosidah, A'immatur; Sholatiah, Lathifah; Muhris, Ahmad
Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah Volume 5, No. 1, Juli 2025 Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah (JRES)
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Unisba

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/jres.v5i1.6247

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi hukum jaminan dalam akad Rahn Tasjily di PT. Pegadaian Syariah, dengan fokus pada kebijakan penggunaan Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan (APHT) untuk jaminan tanah atau bangunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-analitis. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pihak PT. Pegadaian Syariah, sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari peraturan perundang-undangan, dan literatur hukum syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. Pegadaian Syariah tidak mewajibkan APHT untuk jaminan tanah atau bangunan, melainkan hanya menggunakan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan (SKMHT). Kebijakan ini, yang bertujuan untuk efisiensi dan kemudahan akses bagi nasabah mikro, tidak memenuhi asas publicitet dan spesialitas sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan No. 4 Tahun 1996. Akibatnya, posisi hukum PT. Pegadaian Syariah sebagai kreditur menjadi rentan dalam kasus wanprestasi atau sengketa kepemilikan, dengan risiko ketidakmampuan eksekusi jaminan secara langsung. Ketiadaan APHT mencerminkan ketidaksesuaian dengan hukum positif, yang dapat melemahkan perlindungan hukum kreditur. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan APHT secara selektif untuk pinjaman bernilai tinggi dan pemanfaatan sistem pendaftaran elektronik untuk menjaga efisiensi tanpa mengorbankan kepastian hukum. Abstract. This research aims to analyze the implementation of collateral law in the Rahn Tasjily contract at PT Pegadaian Syariah, focusing on the policy of using the Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights (APHT) for land or building collateral. This research uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach. Primary data was obtained through interviews with PT Pegadaian Syariah, while secondary data was collected from laws and regulations, and sharia law literature. The results showed that PT Pegadaian Syariah does not require APHT for land or building collateral, but only uses a Power of Attorney to Enforce Mortgage Rights (SKMHT). This policy, which aims for efficiency and ease of access for micro customers, does not fulfill the principles of publicity and specialty as stipulated in the Mortgage Law No. 4 of 1996. As a result, PT Pegadaian Syariah's legal position as a creditor becomes vulnerable in cases of default or ownership disputes, with the risk of being unable to execute the collateral directly. The absence of APHT reflects inconsistency with positive law, which can weaken the legal protection of creditors. This research recommends selective application of APHT for high-value loans and utilization of electronic registration systems to maintain efficiency without sacrificing legal certainty.
Perlindungan Hukum dan Risiko Investasi pada Securities Crowdfunding Syariah: Analisis Maslahah Mursalah Sholatiah, Lathifah; Rosidah, Aimmatur; Rahman, Taufik
Al-Muamalat Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syari'ah
Publisher : IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/muamalat.v10i2.10721

Abstract

This study aims to analyze legal protection and investment risks in Sharia Securities Crowdfunding (SCF) using the perspective of maslahah mursalah as the basis for assessment. The methodology employed is qualitative library research with a normative legal study approach, utilizing primary sources in the form of legislation, DSN-MUI fatwas, and OJK regulations, as well as secondary sources in the form of relevant academic journals and books published within the last ten years. The findings indicate that legal protection for investors in Sharia SCF already has a normative foundation through OJK Regulation No. 57/POJK.04/2020 and DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 140/DSN-MUI/VII/2021, but its implementation still faces challenges in terms of supervision, information transparency, and the effectiveness of dispute resolution mechanisms. The maslahah mursalah analysis affirms that Sharia SCF is permissible as long as it upholds the principles of justice, trustworthiness, and benefit, thereby necessitating strengthened regulations and oversight to optimally achieve the goal of investor protection.