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All Journal Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Serambi Engineering
Ursada, Riang
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Feeding Frequency and Amino Acid Effects on Black Soldier Fly Larvae Performance Ursada, Riang; Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti; Radita, Deqi Rizkivia; La’ali, Anisah Zahira
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The continuous increase in waste generation, driven by population growth, necessitates sustainable waste management solutions. One promising approach is the bioconversion of organic waste using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae, which naturally accelerate the decomposition process. This study investigates the effect of amino acid supplementation and feeding frequency on BSF larval growth, nutrient composition (protein, fat, carbohydrate, moisture, ash), waste reduction, and cultivation efficiency. A total of 700 five-day-old larvae were fed 1.8 g/larva/day using a mixture of restaurant and market waste. Results showed that the addition of 15 mL amino acids did not significantly enhance larval growth, except in fresh waste with a 70:30 ratio over three days, where larvae reached 27 g at 17 days old. Nutrient content varied with waste composition, while feeding frequency had minimal influence. The highest values recorded were moisture (72%) in fresh P100 (1-day feeding), ash (26.29%) in fresh R100 (1-day), protein (46.97%) in fresh 70:30 (3-day), fat (45.11%) in landfill 70:30 (3-day), and carbohydrate (0.15%) in landfill waste. Amino acid addition contributed to increased protein content. Feeding frequency impacted the Waste Reduction Index (WRI), waste reduction rate, and frass C/N ratio. The highest WRI (5.27%) and reduction rate (94.90%) were observed in fresh P100 (1-day feeding), with frass C/N ratios ranging from 13.09 to 28.82. These findings highlight the potential of optimizing feed composition and frequency for enhanced BSF-based organic waste bioconversion.
Black Soldier Fly Larval Bioconversion of Fruit and Vegetable Waste: Carbon-Nitrogen Conversion and Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Ursada, Riang; Zuhdi, Ahmed; Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti; Febrianto, Arry
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 23, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.23.5.1412-1422

Abstract

Fruit and vegetable waste accounts for approximately 36% of total food waste in Indonesia. The accumulation of this waste in landfills contributes to increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and environmental pollution through leachate production. Treatment using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae offers an efficient and sustainable alternative, with lower GHG emissions compared to composting or anaerobic digestion. This study aimed to evaluate the bioconversion efficiency of BSF larvae in reducing fruit and vegetable waste (specifically cabbage, water spinach, spinach, mustard greens, watermelon, melon, banana, and papaya) by analyzing the transformation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) into larval biomass and residue. Substrate compositions were varied with vegetable-to-fruit ratios of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40 (w/w), and larval densities of 1, 2, and 4 larvae/cm² were tested. Results showed that carbon and nitrogen conversion into larval biomass ranged from 7.92–17.59% and 4.96–21.69%, respectively, while conversion into residue ranged from 22.53–63.75% for carbon and 18.12–80.78% for nitrogen. The substrate with a 90:10 vegetable-to-fruit ratio produced the highest conversion efficiency. The values of Approximate Digestibility (AD), Efficiency of Conversion of Digested Food (ECD), and Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested Food (ECI) ranged from 32.44–74.71%, 17.68–42.96%, and 8.09–18.64%, respectively. The larval survival rates reached 95.61%. Furthermore, BSF bioconversion generated the lowest GHG emissions among all compared waste treatment methods, with a value of 102.27 g CO₂ eq/kg of waste. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of BSF larvae in managing fruit and vegetable waste while minimizing environmental impact, providing a foundation for further optimization in sustainable waste valorization systems.
Mapping the Potential of Organic Waste as a Bioconversion Substrate for Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) in Surabaya City and Sidoarjo Regency Fitriana, Aulia Rodlia; Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti; Warmadewanthi, IDAA; Hanh, Dang Vu Bich; Ursada, Riang
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v22i3.865-880

Abstract

Waste management remains a critical challenge in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas. Bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) presents a sustainable solution for transforming organic waste into high-value biomass rich in protein and fat. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential utilization of organic waste from markets, bakeries, and rejected products from the food and beverage (F&B) industry (specifically creamer and milk), as BSFL substrates, while mapping the existing bioconversion sites. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and field measurements. Primary data included location details, technical specifications, implementation constraints, and BSFL bioconversion sites. Waste composition was analyzed via Loud Count Analysis during a 4-day sampling period. This research was conducted in Surabaya City and its surroundings. The results indicate that market waste mostly consists of dark green vegetables (26.5%), other vegetables (64.1%), and year-round fruits (53.9%). Furthermore, the daily average rejected bread is 2.6-2.7 kg. Rejected foods and beverages include creamers, liquids, and sweetened condensed milk. The facility processes 16.16 tons/day of substrate potential, producing 44.61 tons fresh larvae and 53.85 tons frass, with profits of IDR 58.1-969.6 million. The findings demonstrate significant potential for utilizing local organic waste as BSFL substrates in the study area.
Co-Authors Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti Febrianto, Arry Fitriana, Aulia Rodlia Hanh, Dang Vu Bich I.D.A.A Warmadewanthi La’ali, Anisah Zahira Radita, Deqi Rizkivia Zuhdi, Ahmed