<![CDATA[This study aims to examine the forms and dynamics of the democratization of learning at Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Sultan Hasanuddin Gowa from the perspectives of ethics and law, with the goal of fostering Islamic cultural behavior. The main focus is to explore how the democratization of education, within the framework of legal and ethical understanding, contributes to the formation of Islamic cultural values. Utilizing a phenomenological approach, the study collected data by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. Findings reveal that ethical and legal standards regulate the relationships and interactions among students as well as between students and institutional administrators in order to create a peaceful, stable, and harmonious pesantren environment. Ethics guide students to act in accordance with accepted social and moral norms, while legal principles help prevent actions that may lead to legal consequences. Thus, ethics and law are two complementary components in shaping healthy and sustainable Islamic cultural behavior at Pesantren Sultan Hasanuddin Gowa. Cultural values can develop into ethical norms that may later be formalized into law. Islamic culture serves as the foundation of Islamic civilization, built upon key elements such as tauhid (belief in the Oneness of Allah SWT), akhlaq (morality and ethics), and knowledge. Islamic culture and civilization encompass aqidah (creed), sharia (Islamic law), and muamalah (social transactions), which together reinforce educational strength, ethical-legal principles, and social cultural order. Democratic learning enables students to internalize ethical values derived from Islamic teachings, i.e., values that have been deeply rooted and practiced throughout the history of Islamic civilization.]]>
