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All Journal JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Pengabdian UntukMu NegeRI JURNAL PHOTON
Prasetya
Department Of Chemistry, Faculty Of Mathematics And Natural Sciences And Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau, Pekanbaru|Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau|Indonesia
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Journal : JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI

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Eco-friendly Edible Film from Chicken Bone Waste and Tapioca Starch Sri Hilma Siregar; P. Prasetya; Aulia Rizki Ramadhanti; Rian Putra; Siti Zahidah
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 2 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 2 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (518.611 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.2.79-86

Abstract

The manufacture of edible film from chicken bone gelatin incorporated with starch is essential for Indonesia, where most Muslims are. This is related to Shari’a law which requires Muslims to consume only halal food. Gelatin made from chicken bones is guaranteed to be halal. This study aimed to determine the process of extracting chicken bone waste with acid solvents, making the edible film, and the characterization of chicken bone edible film. This research started with extracting gelatin from chicken bone waste. The 5 g of extracted chicken bones were mixed with 40% w/v glycerol, starch (0, 5, 10, 15% w/v), and distilled water, then heated at 50°C. The mixture was printed in a petri dish (15 cm in diameter) and dried for 24 hours. The edible films were evaluated for physicochemical and mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation, thickness, water resistance, WVTR, and degradation test. Edible film characterization used FTIR, SEM, XRD, and TGA. The optimum condition of the extraction procedure was obtained by using 5% HCl, which produces 8.22172% yield of gelatin with pH of 6.0, water content of 8%, and ash content of 0.945%. In the thickness test, the more significant the starch concentration added, the greater the thickness of the edible film produced. The edible film exhibited a decrease in tensile strength and an increase in elongation along with increasing starch concentration. The results of the WVTR test were only starch concentrations of 0 and 15% that meet the standards, while all concentrations in the water resistance did. The results of FTIR chicken bones with variations in starch and the addition of glycerol as a plasticizer have functional groups N-H, O-H, C-O, C=O, C-H, C-N. Edible films without the addition of starch were utterly degraded within 30 days.
Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Modified Bentonite for Photodegradation in Methylene Blue Dye Sri Hilma Siregar; Prasetya Prasetya; Norramizawati Norramizawati; Marlian Marlian; Aulia Rizki Ramadhanti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 4 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 4 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.4.143-150

Abstract

Dye is one of the waste waters, which will be a problem if the content is excessive in the water. Modifying bentonite with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst for removal of dye waste. In this study, composite synthesis was carried out by mixing bentonite and TiO2 suspensions. The mass of bentonite is 20 g, and the mass variations of TiO2 are 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. The resulting composite was heated using a furnace at 550°C for 5 hours. Bentonite-TiO2 composites were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared, X-Ray Diffraction, and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Photodegradation of methylene blue dye with bentonite-TiO2 was carried out by varying the mass of bentonite-TiO2 photocatalysts (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 g); variations in pH (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9), and variations in UV irradiation time (30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes). The results of characterization with FTIR showed the presence of Ti-O-Ti vibrations at wavenumber 1419 cm-1 and Si-O-Ti at wave numbers 780 cm-1 and 799 cm-1. Characterization of 20% bentonite-TiO2 by XRD showed rutile, anatase, and montmorillonite phases. The SEM-EDX bentonite-TiO2 characterization results produced some small particles with a layered structure with TiO2 particles clumping and still in the form of agglomerates, and the EDX results showed the chemical composition of Si and Ti. The results of photodegradation showed that the best activity for the bentonite-TiO2 composite occurred in photocatalyst BT-20% with a mass of 0.08 g, pH 1, and UV irradiation time of 120 minutes with methylene blue 99.942% degraded.
Co-Authors Akbar, Unggul Aulia Rizki Ramadhanti Aulia Rizki Ramadhanti Fitra Perdana Hasmalina Nasution Hasmalina Nst Jasril Jasril Jufrizal Syahri Laila Rahmadanis Manja Nanda Resa Manja Marlian Marlian Nasution, Annio Indah Lestari Norramizawati Norramizawati Nurlailli Nasution Olif Syahbella Rahmadini Syafri Rahmiwati Hilma Rian Putra Siti Zahidah Sri Hilma Siregar Tengku Finalia Trisiwi Kusuma Ningrum Unggul Akbar Wahyuni Puspita Sanda Wirdati Irma Yeni Yernita Yuhelson Zumrotun Nasihah