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All Journal Rekayasa Mesin E-Dimas: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Sari, Martina Puspita
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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MORPHOLOGY, STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBER FROM OIL PALM FROND FIBER (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ) Sari, Martina Puspita; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Hamidi, Nurkholis
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v16i2.1590

Abstract

Natural fiber is one of the innovations in the development of renewable materials from composites which are considered more environmentally friendly. One of the advantages is that it is biodegradable which are able to decompose in nature and does not leave residues that are harmful to the environment until now it has been developed in combination with various types of polymer matrices so that it can produce composites that have good strength. In this study, composites made from palm frond fiber (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) were characterized by a two-step treatment, namely alkalization using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the addition of a bleaching process using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). single fiber and Weibull distribution methods, chemical properties testing including chemical composition of fiber content, FTIR, and physical property testing including diameter measurement and SEM observations. Thus, the optimal concentration of alkali and bleaching was produced in the two-step process between 5% NaOH concentration and H2O2 in terms of bonding characteristics, this was mainly due to the reduction of the amorphous part of the fiber. There was a color change after the OPFF was treated with NaOH and H2O2 where the color of the OPFF became brighter. The heat resistance value is inversely proportional to the thickness value after alkaline treatment. heat resistance increased while the diameter of the OPFF decreased with increasing concentration of NaOH and the addition of the second treatment H2O2. The best crystallinity index was obtained at 10% NaOH variation and the best cellulose content was obtained at 5% NaOH variation. Likewise, the tensile strength of TF without treatment experienced a significant increase (76%) with 5% NaOH - H2O2 treatment. The results of the FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy) test confirmed that the alkaline treatment and bleaching removed the hemicellulose content, impurities, and excessive water absorption. The surface of the treated OPFF becomes rougher. The etched surface shows interlocking with the matrix as shown in the SEM images. The effect of NaOH and H2O2 treatment on OPFF shows the potential of OPFF as a reinforcement for matrix polymer composites to reduce the use of synthetic fibers.
PENGARUH PARAMETER OPERASI PADA PROSES TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JELANTAH MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS TULANG SAPI TERHADAP YIELD DAN DENSITAS BIODIESEL Sidabutar, Elizabeth Desfelia Ciciolini; Sujana, I Made Ivan Wijayarta Cakra; Oktavia, Fika Dwi; Putri, Nita Ariestiana; Sari, Martina Puspita
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v8i2.96860

Abstract

This study uses a heterogeneous catalyst derived from bovine bones to examine the effect of calcination temperature, calcination time, and mass catalyst loading on the yield and density of biodiesel synthesized from waste cooking oil. The bones were cleaned, pressure-cooked, dried, ground, sieved, and then calcined at temperatures of 800 °C and 1000 °C for 2, 4, and 6 hours. The transesterification process was conducted at 65 °C for 1 hour with 4% and 6% catalyst loadings by weight of the waste cooking oil. The results showed that a calcination temperature of 1000 °C produced more stable and active catalysts, thus increasing biodiesel yield, especially at longer calcination times. The highest yield of 72.81% was achieved using 6% catalyst calcined at 1000 °C for 6 hours. In contrast, at 800 °C, the yield tended to decrease or remain inconsistent as calcination time increased. The biodiesel density ranged from 0.944 to 0.955 g/mL, slightly higher than the standard value, possibly due to incomplete conversion or residual glycerides. These findings indicate that calcination temperature, calcination time, and catalyst loading play a significant role in the efficiency of biodiesel synthesis using bovine bone catalysts.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat RT 40 Kelurahan Damai Bahagia Berbasis Mesin Pencacah Sampah Plastik Produksi Eco-Batako Rachmadani, Anggun Safa; AM, Chaerul Qalbi; Putra, Azhar Syafiq; Sari, Martina Puspita; Romadhan, Catur Putra
E-Dimas: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol 17, No 2 (2026): E-DIMAS
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/e-dimas.v17i2.26785

Abstract

Permasalahan  sampah plastik  di wilayah  pesisir  Indonesia semakin  memprihatinkan, termasuk di Rukun Tetangga 40 (RT 40) Kelurahan  Damai  Bahagia,  Kecamatan  Balikpapan  Selatan,  Kalimantan  Timur.  Lokasi  yang berbatasan langsung dengan laut dan menerima aliran limpasan dari kawasan bisnis Balikpapan Super Block (BSB) menyebabkan penumpukan sampah plastik yang mencemari lingkungan. Minimnya sarana pengelolaan  sampah dan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat memperburuk kondisi tersebut. Program ini  bertujuan  memberikan  solusi  melalui  pendekatan  teknologi  tepat  guna  dan  pemberdayaan masyarakat. Kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi perancangan dan pembuatan mesin pencacah plastik sederhana serta pelatihan pemanfaatan limbah plastik menjadi produk eco-batako. Proses produksi eco-batako dilakukan dengan mencampurkan cacahan plastik, pasir, dan semen dengan perbandingan 0,1:2:1, kemudian dicetak dan dikeringkan hingga mengeras. Program ini melibatkan masyarakat Rukun Tetangga 40 (RT 40) secara aktif, khususnya kelompok ibu rumah tangga dan pemuda. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait pengelolaan sampah dan kemampuan menghasilkan produk bernilai ekonomis berbasis limbah. Program ini menjadi model pemberdayaan lingkungan yang berkelanjutan dan direkomendasikan untuk dilanjutkan melalui pembentukan kelompok usaha bersama serta pendampingan pemasaran produk, sehingga dapat diterapkan di wilayah pesisir lain yang memiliki permasalahan serupa.
Co-Authors Am, Chaerul Qalbi Anindito Purnowidodo Nita Ariestiana Putri Nurkholis Hamidi Oktavia, Fika Dwi Putra, Azhar Syafiq Rachmadani, Anggun Safa Romadhan, Catur Putra Sidabutar, Elizabeth Desfelia Ciciolini Sujana, I Made Ivan Wijayarta Cakra