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All Journal Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Berita Biologi
Wijaya, Andhika Ryan
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Synergistic Effect of Chlorpyrifos and Mancozeb on The Survival of Poecilia reticulata Nugroho, Rully Adi; Wijaya, Andhika Ryan; Cahyaningrum, Desti Christian; Gestel, Cornelis Adrianus Maria Van
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24296

Abstract

Pesticides are essential in agricultural pest control, but may also harm non-target organisms. In Temanggung Regency, Indonesia, interviews with tobacco farmers revealed that the insecticide Dursban 200 EC (chlorpyrifos) and the fungicide Manzate 82 WP (mancozeb) are most commonly used, leading to the emission to the aquatic environment of both active ingredients, often resulting in mixtures. The present study aimed at determining the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos, mancozeb, and their combination to guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata). A 96 h survival assay was conducted on male guppies exposed to the individual pesticides and their equitoxic mixtures. Mortality data were analyzed using a logistic dose-response model, and the toxicity of the mixtures was analyzed using the Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) models. Chlorpyrifos was slightly more toxic to P. reticulata than mancozeb, with LC50s of 1.81 and 3.45 mg a.i./L, respectively. The combination of chlorpyrifos and mancozeb resulted in enhanced toxicity due to synergistic interaction according to the CA model, which suggests different modes of action of the two active ingredients. When analyzed using the IA model, the interaction, however, was also synergistic. These findings highlight the need to assess both single and combined pesticide exposures in ecological risk evaluations and emphasize cautious use of pesticide mixtures to protect aquatic ecosystems.
PAPARAN JANGKA PENDEK PIL KELUARGA BERENCANA YANG MENGANDUNG ETINILESTRADIOL DAN LEVONORGESTREL TIDAK MEMPENGARUHI KANDUNGAN ENERGI IKAN SERIBU (Poecilia reticulata) Nugroho, Rully Adi; Sukmana, Andreas Binar Aji; Cahyaningrum, Desti Christian; Beanal, Yohanis; Wijaya, Andhika Ryan
Berita Biologi Vol 23 No 2 (2024): Berita Biologi
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/beritabiologi.2024.4937

Abstract

Hormon steroid sintetik yang terkandung dalam pil Keluarga Berencana (KB) telah menjadi kontaminan di perairan global. Hormon etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel memberikan dampak negatif terhadap perkembangan, perilaku dan kelangsungan hidup ikan di lingkungan perairan. Di Indonesia, perhatian terhadap potensi dampak etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel terhadap organisme bukan target perairan masih sangat terbatas. Studi ini dilakukan untuk memahami perubahan kandungan energi dalam lemak dan protein pada ikan seribu (Poecilia reticulata) yang terpapar estrogen dan progestogen (campuran etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel). Ikan guppy jantan dipapar dengan enam konsentrasi campuran etinilestradiol/levonorgestrel yang berbeda, yaitu 0 ng/L etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel, 0,3 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 1,5 ng/L levonorgestrel, 3 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 15 ng/L levonorgestrel, 30 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 150 ng/L levonorgestrel, 300 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 1500 ng/L levonorgestrel, dan 3000 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 15000 ng/L levonorgestrel selama tujuh hari dan tidak diberi pakan selama percobaan. Kandungan energi diestimasi setelah perlakuan secara gravimetri. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa paparan jangka pendek pil keluarga berencana yang mengandung campuran etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel berturut-turut hingga 3000 ng/L dan 15000 ng/L tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa paparan jangka pendek pil KB tidak mempengaruhi kandungan energi pada ikan seribu.
Co-Authors Andreas Binar Aji Sukmana Beanal, Yohanis Desti Christian Cahyaningrum Gestel, Cornelis Adrianus Maria van Rully Adi Nugroho