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All Journal Jurnal DIALEKTIKA : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial HUMANITIS : Jurnal Humaniora, Sosial dan Bisnis
Setiawan Arismunandar
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Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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KEPEMIMPINAN DI ERA KERJA HYBRID: TANTANGAN, PELUANG, DAN STRATEGI EFEKTIF Budi Sugiarto; Roli Dewanto; Tarsisius Susilo; Setiawan Arismunandar; Edi Wahyudi
HUMANITIS: Jurnal Homaniora, Sosial dan Bisnis Vol. 3 No. 7 (2025)
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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Abstract

The digital transformation and the evolving work patterns in the post–COVID-19 era have accelerated the emergence of hybrid work models that combine in-office and remote work. This shift requires significant adaptation in organizational leadership styles. This article explores in depth the key challenges faced by leaders in hybrid environments, including communication barriers, the preservation of organizational culture, equitable access, and the management of distributed team performance. Conversely, it also highlights the opportunities brought forth, such as the acceleration of digital transformation, greater flexibility, access to global talent pools, and improved employee retention. Drawing on modern leadership theories and recent empirical studies, the article offers strategies for effective leadership in the hybrid era—ranging from transparent communication, outcome-based leadership, trust-building and team engagement, the use of collaborative technologies, to the critical role of empathy and adaptability. Case studies and empirical data, both from global contexts and Indonesia, are included to enrich the discussion. The article concludes that hybrid work is not a temporary trend but a permanent transformation in the world of work; hence, leaders are required to be adaptive and innovative for organizations to achieve optimal performance within this new paradigm.
The Role of International Institutions in the Enforcement of Humanitarian Law in Contemporary Conflicts Kurnia Hadi; Dilli Setiawan; Tarsisius Susilo; Setiawan Arismunandar; Arinto Beny Sarana
Jurnal Dialektika: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Vol. 23 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Dialektika: Jurnal Ilmu sosial
Publisher : Pengurus Pusat Perkumpulan Ilmuwan Administrasi Negara Indonesia (PIANI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63309/dialektika.v23i2.556

Abstract

Contemporary wars, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine since February 2022, the Israel-Hamas conflict in Gaza since October 2023, and the civil war in Yemen since 2014, have caused widespread humanitarian crises: thousands dead, tens of thousands injured, and millions displaced and starving (Janowski, 2025; Al-Mughrabi & Farge, 2025; ACAPS, 2024). In an effort to protect civilians, International Humanitarian Law (IHL) rooted in jus in bello and the 1949 Geneva Conventions along with their Additional Protocols establishes basic protection norms in armed conflicts. This research aims to: (1) identify the roles of the United Nations (UN), the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the enforcement of IHL; (2) evaluate the actual achievements and structural obstacles faced; and (3) compare the effectiveness of IHL enforcement mechanisms in the three conflicts. The method used is qualitative with a policy study and comparative design. Data were collected from official documents of the UN, ICRC, ICC, NGO reports (Amnesty, HRW), international law journals, and secondary field data from 2021–2025. Thematic analysis and cross-case source triangulation ensure the validity of the findings. The research findings indicate that the UN plays a role in normative advocacy and humanitarian assistance but is hindered by the Security Council's veto power; the ICRC carries out the mandate to protect victims but relies on access and negotiation with conflicting parties; while the ICC is only effective if the conflict countries ratify the Rome Statute, as in the case of Ukraine, whereas its jurisdiction over Israel and Yemen is limited. This study concludes that although international institutions strengthen HHI norms, political and legal constraints demand reform of the veto mechanism, expansion of ICC jurisdiction, and guarantees of unhindered humanitarian access. Keywords: Contemporary Conflicts, International Humanitarian Law, International Institutions, Protection of Civilians, War Law Enforcement.
Co-Authors Arinto Beny Sarana Budi Sugiarto Dilli Setiawan Edi Wahyudi Kurnia Hadi Roli Dewanto Tarsisius Susilo