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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Journal of Health Education Law Information and Humanities
Nasrullah, Mochammad Ridho
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Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science

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Pertanggungjawaban Hukum atas Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas serta Tinjauan Kealpaan sebagai Faktor Penyebabnya Haadii, Muhamad Najib Hilal; Nasrullah, Mochammad Ridho; Sukmara, Marshanda Btari; Andryawan, Andryawan
Journal of Health Education Law Information and Humanities Vol 2, No 1 (2025): Februari 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/helium.v2i1.4699

Abstract

Kecelakaan lalu lintas menjadi isu signifikan yang mempengaruhi keselamatan pengguna jalan dan menimbulkan dampak hukum, baik pidana maupun perdata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum atas kecelakaan lalu lintas, serta mengidentifikasi kategori kealpaan yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, studi ini mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan serta Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban hukum mencakup aspek pidana dan perdata, bergantung pada tingkat kelalaian pengemudi. Kasus kecelakaan truk di Cipondoh, Tangerang, mengilustrasikan bagaimana kelalaian berat (culpa lata) seperti pengemudi tanpa SIM dan dalam pengaruh narkoba dapat dikenai sanksi pidana sesuai Pasal 310 UU LLAJ. Selain itu, korban memiliki hak untuk menuntut ganti rugi sesuai Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya kesadaran hukum, pengawasan terhadap kondisi kendaraan, dan kepatuhan terhadap peraturan untuk mengurangi angka kecelakaan lalu lintas.
The Principle of Judges in Determining the Validity of Grounds for Criminal Expungement in the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia: Prinsip Hakim dalam Menentukan Sah Tidaknya Alasan Penghapus Pidana Pada Sistem Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia Nasrullah, Mochammad Ridho; Hutabarat, Rugun Romaida
Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijler.v21i1.1412

Abstract

General Background: Grounds for the exclusion of criminal liability serve as essential mechanisms within Indonesian criminal law to ensure that punishment is not imposed automatically when the elements of a crime are fulfilled, but instead aligned with substantive justice. Specific Background: Although Articles 48–51 of the Criminal Code regulate justifying and excusing grounds, judicial practice demonstrates variations in how judges assess their validity. Knowledge Gap: Limited scholarship has comprehensively explained the principles applied by judges in determining whether these grounds are legally acceptable, particularly in cases involving psychological conditions and proportionality assessments. Aims: This study aims to analyze the normative framework of grounds for criminal exemption and identify the principles guiding judicial evaluation. Results: The findings show that judges consistently apply the principles of proportionality, subsidiarity, and culpa in causa, while also assessing trial facts, the defendant’s mental state, and the balance between the threat faced and the defensive act. Novelty: This research highlights that judges also consider jurisprudence and customary law as extended bases for exemption beyond the Criminal Code. Implications: These findings underscore the need for consistent judicial guidelines to ensure that the application of grounds for criminal exemption remains aligned with the objectives of criminal law and the pursuit of substantive justice. Highlights: Judges apply proportionality, subsidiarity, and culpa in causa to assess criminal exemption. Trial facts and the defendant’s psychological condition strongly influence judicial decisions. Jurisprudence and customary law expand exemption grounds beyond the written Criminal Code. Keywords: Criminal Exemption, Judicial Principles, Proportionality, Indonesian Criminal Code, Substantive Justice  
Co-Authors Andryawan, Andryawan Haadii, Muhamad Najib Hilal Hutabarat, Rugun Romaida Sukmara, Marshanda Btari