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All Journal LEGAL BRIEF Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review (GRLSPR)
Siswani, Carina Budi
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Aerospace Engineering Computer Science & IT Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Social Sciences

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Journal : LEGAL BRIEF

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Responsibility of Bank Financial Institutions for The Loss of Customer Money Saved In Their Accounts Wattimena, Yohanes Yosua; Renjaan, Henrikus; Siswani, Carina Budi
LEGAL BRIEF Vol. 14 No. 5 (2025): December: Law Science and Field
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/legal.v14i5.1486

Abstract

This study analyzes the legal responsibility of banking and financial institutions for the loss of customer funds stored in their accounts, a problem that has grown alongside the rapid expansion of digital banking and financial technology in Indonesia. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, this research examines the legal foundations, scope of liability, and dispute-resolution mechanisms applicable when customer funds are lost due to system errors, internal negligence, or cybercrime. The findings reveal that banks’ obligations arise from multiple legal regimes: contractual liability under deposit agreements, non-contractual liability for unlawful acts, administrative obligations under the Banking Law and OJK regulations, and strict liability principles under consumer protection law. Although these norms require banks to safeguard customer assets, investigate losses, and provide compensation, practical implementation often remains weak, leaving customers in a disadvantaged position during dispute resolution. Mediation through OJK and internal complaint units provides alternative mechanisms, yet outcomes are not always binding or effective. Strengthening prudential principles, cybersecurity standards, and supervisory enforcement is essential to ensure substantive protection for customers and maintain public trust in the financial system
Effectiveness of Law Enforcement of Banking Crimes in Banking Law in Indonesia Windesi, Abalion Ayub; Renjaan, Henrikus; Siswani, Carina Budi
LEGAL BRIEF Vol. 14 No. 5 (2025): December: Law Science and Field
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/legal.v14i5.1510

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of law enforcement against banking crimes within the framework of Indonesia’s Banking Law, particularly Law Number 10 of 1998. Although the legal framework normatively provides comprehensive provisions regarding bank secrecy, prudential principles, licensing, financial reporting, and sanctions, its implementation remains constrained by structural, technical, and institutional challenges. Using a normative juridical method supported by statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, this research analyzes the extent to which existing regulations have achieved the goals of legal certainty, justice, and utility as conceptualized in Radbruch’s theory. Findings indicate that overlapping institutional authority, limited investigative capacity, evidentiary barriers due to strict bank secrecy, and weak inter-agency coordination hinder effective enforcement. Additionally, disparities in digital forensic facilities and inadequate internal control systems within banking institutions reduce the ability to detect and prosecute violations. Through the lens of Soerjono Soekanto’s and Lawrence Friedman’s theories of legal effectiveness, this study concludes that while the normative substance is adequate, enforcement remains suboptimal. Strengthening institutional coordination, enhancing investigator competence, updating regulations to meet digital era banking complexities, and promoting a culture of transparency and compliance are essential for improving law enforcement outcomes
Implementation of the Use of Force by Police Officers In Handling Mass Actions Based On The Regulation of The Chief of The Indonesian National Police Number 1 of 2009 Jaftoran, Allan Fredrik; Siswani, Carina Budi; Hammar, Imanuel I.R.
LEGAL BRIEF Vol. 14 No. 5 (2025): December: Law Science and Field
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/legal.v14i5.1515

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of the use of force by Indonesian National Police (Polri) officers in handling mass demonstrations, focusing on the application of Regulation of the Chief of the Indonesian National Police Number 1 of 2009. Using a normative juridical method, the research analyzes statutory provisions, legal doctrines, and selected empirical cases from West Papua to assess compliance with the principles of legality, necessity, proportionality, and accountability. The findings indicate that, although the regulatory framework has formally adopted international human rights standards and a graduated use-of-force model, significant gaps persist between normative rules and operational practice. In several documented incidents, coercive measures such as tear gas, rubber bullets, and mass arrests were applied prematurely, without sufficient de-escalation efforts or transparent post-action accountability. These shortcomings are influenced by structural weaknesses in internal oversight, limited professional training, and an institutional culture that prioritizes security over dialogue-based policing. The study concludes that strengthening external oversight mechanisms, enhancing human rights-based training, and reforming organizational culture are essential to align police practices with democratic principles and international standards on the use of force
Co-Authors Djaena, Oktofina Hammar, Imanuel I.R. Jaftoran, Allan Fredrik Lambi, Manuel Renjaan, Henrikus Samangun, Christina Wattimena, Yohanes Yosua Windesi, Abalion Ayub