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All Journal Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International
Bal, Yakubu Barau
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Arts Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of Earth Fault Detection Systems in Power Transmission Danladi, Muhammad Nazif; Bal, Yakubu Barau; Muhammad, Fatima
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 3 No 4 (2025): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v3i4.6728

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive approach to the modeling, simulation, and analysis of single line-to-ground (SLG) fault detection in high-voltage power transmission systems. A dual-unit detection system was developed, integrating a MATLAB/Simulink-based simulation model with a microcontroller-based hardware unit for real-time fault identification and communication. The simulation model replicates the behavior of a 132 kV transmission line under various SLG fault conditions, while the hardware unit employs voltage and current sensors connected to an Arduino Uno and GSM module to detect faults and transmit location alerts. Experimental procedures included controlled fault injection, waveform analysis, and algorithmic fault distance estimation using zero-sequence currents and voltage dips. Simulation outcomes demonstrated high location accuracy, with error rates consistently below 0.75% across a fault distance range of 30–300 km. The system exhibited fast response times, high precision, and cost-effectiveness, indicating strong potential for deployment in power grids of developing regions. The integrated software-hardware architecture offers a scalable and efficient solution for minimizing downtime and enhancing fault response coordination in transmission networks.
Assessing the Impact of Economic Solar Energy Systems on Regional Development in Nigeria and Africa Rao, P. Nageswara; Bal, Yakubu Barau; Danladi, Muhammad Nazif
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 3 No 4 (2025): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v3i4.6729

Abstract

This study presents the design and analysis of a 5 kW solar tree system tailored for residential applications in Bauchi State, Nigeria, offering a cost-effective and space-efficient renewable energy solution. Aimed at meeting a daily energy demand of 30,000 Wh, the system is optimized based on the region’s solar irradiance levels. The design incorporates essential components, including photovoltaic (PV) modules, a charge controller, a battery bank, an inverter, and a structurally robust steel support framework. Performance evaluations indicate an operational efficiency exceeding 86% and annual electricity cost savings of approximately $1,415. Structural validation using engineering analysis yields a safety factor of 2.85, confirming the system's resilience to wind loads and environmental stresses. The study underscores the potential of solar tree systems to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to Nigeria’s broader transition toward sustainable energy infrastructure.
Harmonic Improvement in Single-Phase Multilevel Inverter Using a Hybrid of Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Firefly (FFA) Algorithms Auwal, Ibraheem; Amoo, A. L.; Mohammed, A.; Bal, Yakubu Barau; Nazif, D. M.
Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mjaei.v2i2.6405

Abstract

Harmonic distortion presents a significant challenge in renewable energy integration, particularly in conventional 2-level inverters. Multilevel inverters, such as the cascaded H-bridge topology, offer an effective solution by generating multiple voltage levels, thereby reducing distortion and eliminating the need for bulky filters. This study investigates harmonic reduction in a single-phase 21-level asymmetric cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter using a novel hybrid optimization algorithm combining Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Firefly Algorithm (FA). The hybrid ABC-FA algorithm is designed to determine optimal switching angles for minimizing Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) while addressing the limitations of conventional heuristic methods. Modeled and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK, the proposed algorithm demonstrates enhanced performance in both harmonic reduction and convergence speed. Simulation results show that the hybrid ABC-FA algorithm achieves THD levels below 5%, representing a 10–20% improvement over standalone ABC or FA implementations. Additionally, the algorithm exhibits faster convergence, highlighting its effectiveness and reliability for improving power quality and facilitating efficient integration of renewable energy sources into the electrical grid.
Modeling, Simulation, and Dynamic Analysis of Earth-Fault Detection in High-Voltage Transmission Networks Nazif, D. M.; Bal, Yakubu Barau; Muhammad, Fatima; Umar, Sadik; Abdulrahman, Aliyu
Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International Vol 2 No 3 (2025): Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mjaei.v2i3.7236

Abstract

This paper addresses the need for accurate and timely single-line-to-ground (SLG) fault detection in high-voltage transmission systems, particularly to improve grid reliability in developing regions. The research objective is to propose and validate an integrated framework that combines modeling, simulation, and real-time implementation for SLG fault identification and location. Methodologically, a dual-unit detection scheme was developed: a MATLAB/Simulink dynamic model emulating a 132 kV transmission line under diverse fault scenarios, and a microcontroller-based hardware prototype employing voltage and current sensors interfaced with an Arduino Uno and GSM module to detect disturbances and transmit location data; experimental validation involved controlled fault injection, waveform inspection, and fault distance estimation via zero-sequence current and voltage dip analysis. Key findings show high-precision fault location with estimation errors consistently below 0.75% over a 30–300 km range, alongside fast response, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. The study concludes that the combined software–hardware architecture reliably detects and locates SLG faults. The contribution and implication are a scalable, low-cost approach to reducing fault-related outages and enhancing fault management in transmission networks.
Economic Impacts of Solar Energy Systems on Regional Development in Africa Rao, P. Nageswara; Bal, Yakubu Barau; Nazif, D. M.; Gamawa, Mansur Aliyu; Oko, Idiege Augustine; Ikani, Agabi Peter
Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International Vol 2 No 3 (2025): Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mjaei.v2i3.7240

Abstract

This study addresses the need for space-efficient, cost-effective residential renewable energy solutions in Nigeria by introducing and evaluating a 5 kW solar tree system tailored to Bauchi State’s solar conditions. The research objective is to determine whether the proposed system can reliably meet a daily energy demand of 30,000 Wh while delivering high performance, durability, and economic benefits. Methodologically, the system is designed with photovoltaic modules, a charge controller, a battery bank, an inverter, and a steel support structure sized for the region’s irradiance; performance, cost savings, and structural integrity are assessed using efficiency, annual bill reduction, and a calculated safety factor. Key findings show that the system achieves over 86% efficiency, saves US$1,415 annually on electricity bills, and attains a safety factor of 2.85, indicating robustness against wind and environmental loads; the configuration fulfills the targeted daily energy requirement. The study concludes that the solar tree provides a viable, space-efficient residential solution that reduces reliance on fossil fuels. The contribution and implication are a practically implementable design that can support household-level energy transition efforts and inform wider deployment of residential solar technologies in Nigeria.
Co-Authors Abdulrahman, Aliyu Amoo, A. L. Auwal, Ibraheem Danladi, Muhammad Nazif Gamawa, Mansur Aliyu Ikani, Agabi Peter Mohammed, A. Muhammad, Fatima Nazif, D. M. Oko, Idiege Augustine Rao, P. Nageswara Umar, Sadik