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All Journal Indonesian Journal of International Law Indonesia Law Review (ILREV)
Muslim, Fithriadi
Unknown Affiliation
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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FATF Recommendation and Charitable Organizations Supervision Policy in Indonesia: A Study on the Prevention of Terrorism Financing Muslim, Fithriadi; Zulfa, Eva Achjani
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This research aims to analyze the supervision policies of charitable organisations in Indonesia, particularly in the context of preventing terrorism financing, and comparing them to international provisions, such as the Financial Action Task Force (FATF). It also explores the oversight practices in other countries to identify the best practices that Indonesia can adopt. The research addresses two key questions: (1) How do Indonesia’s supervision policies for charitable organisations prevent terrorism financing? (2) How do Indonesia’s supervision practices compare with international standards in preventing terrorism financing? This study uses a normative juridical approach, focusing on legislative and comparative methods. Primary legal sources include relevant laws and regulations, while secondary sources consist of literature reviews and prior studies. The research analyzes the phenomenon of charitable organisations being misused for terrorism financing and examines the ideal legal framework to prevent such misuse. FATF recommendations on Non-Profit Organisations (NPOs) serve as a benchmark for this analysis. The comparative aspect of this study provides insight into how other countries manage charitable organisations to mitigate the risk of terrorism financing. Insights from countries like the United Kingdom and United States highlight the importance of targeted outreach, mandatory audits, and advanced risk-based policies. Ultimately, this research proposes to integrate these practices into Indonesia’s supervision policies to enhance effectiveness, being aligned with FATF standards, and preserve the integrity of the charitable sector.
Managing Crowdfunding Risks in Terrorism Financing: A Mediated Analysis of Government Intervention and Donation Intentions Muslim, Fithriadi; Zulfa, Eva Achjani; Syauqillah, Muhamad
Indonesia Law Review Vol. 15, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Crowdfunding has emerged as a popular platform for collective funding of social, charitable, and commercial projects. However, its increasing use has raised concerns over potential misuse, including as a source of terrorism financing. This study investigates the relationship between donation intentions using crowdfunding and the risk of crowdfunding being used as a source of terrorism financing. Furthermore, it explores the mediating role of government intervention in this relationship. Using a Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) second-order approach, the research evaluates the interaction between donor intentions, crowdfunding risks, and government regulations. Findings reveal that while donor intentions significantly impact the risk of crowdfunding misuse for terrorism financing, the mediating role of government intervention is statistically insignificant. This suggests that regulatory measures alone may not sufficiently mitigate these risks. These findings highlight the critical need to reevaluate current strategies for preventing the misuse of crowdfunding for illicit purposes. By providing empirical evidence of the limited impact of government intervention, this study contributes valuable insights for policymakers aiming to strengthen oversight mechanisms and ensure safer crowdfunding practices in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Eva Achjani Zulfa Muhamad Syauqillah